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{
    "pk": 19361,
    "title": "Predictors of Successful Telephone Contact After Emergency Department-Based Recruitment into a Multicenter Smoking Cessation Cohort Study",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction\n: Emergency department (ED) studies often require follow-up with subjects to assess outcomes and adverse events. Our objective was to identify baseline subject characteristics associated with successful contact at 3 time points after the index ED visit within a sample of cigarette smokers.\nMethods\n: This study is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort. We recruited current adult smokers at 10 U.S. EDs and collected baseline demographics, smoking profile, substance abuse, health conditions, and contact information. Site investigators attempted contact at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months to assess smoking prevalence and quit attempts. Subjects were paid $20 for successful follow-up at each time point. We analyzed data using logistic and Poisson regressions.\nResults\n: Of 375 recruited subjects, 270 (72%) were contacted at 2 weeks, 245 (65%) at 3 months, and 217 (58%) at 6 months. Overall, 175 (47%) were contacted at 3 of 3, 71 (19%) at 2 of 3, 62 (17%) at 1 of 3, and 66 (18%) at 0 of 3 time points. At 6 months, predictors of successful contact were: older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.2 [95%CI, 0.99–1.5] per ↑10 years); female sex (AOR 1.7 [95%CI, 1.04–2.8]); non-Hispanic black (AOR 2.3 [95%CI, 1.2–4.5]) vs Hispanic; private insurance (AOR 2.0 [95%CI, 1.03–3.8]) and Medicare (AOR 5.7 [95%CI, 1.5–22]) vs no insurance; and no recreational drug use (AOR 3.2 [95%CI; 1.6–6.3]). The characteristics independently predictive of the total number of successful contacts were: age (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.06 [95%CI, 1.00–1.13] per ↑10 years); female sex (IRR 1.18 [95%CI, 1.01–1.40]); and no recreational drug use (IRR 1.37 [95%CI, 1.07–1.74]). Variables related to smoking cessation (e.g., cigarette packs-years, readiness to quit smoking) and amount of contact information provided were not associated with successful contact.\nConclusions\n: Successful contact 2 weeks after the ED visit was 72% but decreased to 58% by 6 months, despite modest financial incentives. Older, female, and non-drug abusing participants were the most likely to be contacted. Strategies to optimize longitudinal follow-up rates, with limited sacrifice of generalizability, remain an important challenge for ED-based research. This is particularly true for studies on substance abusers and other difficult-to-reach populations. [West J Emerg Med. 2013;14(3):287–295.]",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Attrition"
        },
        {
            "word": "Follow-up"
        },
        {
            "word": "tobacco"
        },
        {
            "word": "Smoking Cessation"
        },
        {
            "word": "Substance Abuse"
        },
        {
            "word": "Emergency Medicine"
        },
        {
            "word": "Substance Abuse and Addiction"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Population Health Research Design",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g20r5g0",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Adit",
            "middle_name": "A",
            "last_name": "Ginde",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Ashley",
            "middle_name": "F",
            "last_name": "Sullivan",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Steven",
            "middle_name": "L",
            "last_name": "Bernstein",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Carlos",
            "middle_name": "A",
            "last_name": "Camargo",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Edwin",
            "middle_name": "D",
            "last_name": "Boudreaux",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Massachusetts Medical School, Departments of Medicine, Psychiatry, and Quantitative Health Sciences, Worcester, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2011-10-20T22:20:46Z",
    "date_accepted": "2011-10-20T22:20:46Z",
    "date_published": "2013-02-15T18:57:53Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19361/galley/9577/download/"
        }
    ]
}