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{
    "pk": 20745,
    "title": "The Tuareg dialect of Ghat in 1850",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "During a short stay in Ghat in 1850, the British explorer James  Richardson arranged for Muhammad Sharif to translate a list of words and  phrases into the Tuareg variety spoken by the Uraghen tribe of the  area, variably termed Tamahaq or Tamajeq by its speakers at the time.  This article provides a transcription, retranscription, retranslation,  and analysis of this previously unpublished material. The results  provide data relevant to sociolinguistic variation in Ghat, proving the  importance of variation even within a single idiolect, including for  reflexes of the key Tuareg shibboleth *z > h vs. > z, ž. These  phrases also reveal some morphological archaisms not otherwise attested  in Tuareg, most notably traces of a person marking system matching the  Ghadamsi “future”.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Tuareg, Tamahaq, Ghat, Descriptive Linguistics, Sahara, Libya"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Articles",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48d4r77p",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Lameen",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Souag",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "LACITO, CNRS",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Adam",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Benkato",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "UC Berkeley",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2023-06-20T19:11:47Z",
    "date_accepted": "2023-06-20T19:11:47Z",
    "date_published": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lamma/article/20745/galley/10511/download/"
        }
    ]
}