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{
    "pk": 21051,
    "title": "Return of the Jitneys:  How Transportation Neoliberals Never Waste A Good Crisis",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "This article presents a history of jitneys from the Gilded Age streets until their return to discourse among post-1970s transportation neoliberals. Transportation neoliberals were an intellectual set including professors, policymakers, consultants, and con men. They discovered the history of jitneys, which Southern Californians invented during a wartime slump in global commerce in 1914. Abolished in the U.S., jitneys remained in operation in crisis-prone cities like Manila and Harare. Selective memories of jitneys in an age of austere state budgets contributed to the trade’s return as a cheap, unregulated alternative to public transit. History was the tool that led jitneys, in the guise of Lyft and Uber, back into U.S. streets after the global financial crisis.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "United States history"
        },
        {
            "word": "transportation"
        },
        {
            "word": "rideshare"
        },
        {
            "word": "neoliberalism"
        },
        {
            "word": "Economic History"
        },
        {
            "word": "history of ideas"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6960870z",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Peter",
            "middle_name": "Sebastian",
            "last_name": "Chesney",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "UCLA",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2021-01-16T01:14:21-05:00",
    "date_accepted": "2021-01-16T01:14:21-05:00",
    "date_published": "2022-02-15T03:00:00-05:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/criticalplanning/article/21051/galley/10729/download/"
        }
    ]
}