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{
    "pk": 25561,
    "title": "Causal relations from kinematic simulations",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Reasoners distinguish between different types of causal\nrelations, such as causes, enabling conditions, and\npreventions. Psychologists disagree about the representations\nthat give rise to the different relations, but agree that mental\nsimulations play a central role in inferring them. We explore\nhow causal relations are extracted from mental simulations.\nThe theory of mental models posits that people use a\nkinematic simulation to infer possibilities. It predicts that\ncauses should be easier to infer than enabling conditions, and\nthat the time it takes to infer a causal relation should correlate\nwith the number of moves in a mental simulation. To test\nthese two predictions, we adapted a railway domain designed\nto elicit mental simulations, and we devised problems in\nwhich reasoners had to infer causal relations from simulations\nof the movements of cars in this domain. Two studies\ncorroborated the model theory's predictions. We discuss the\nresults in light of recent theories of causation and mental\nsimulation.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "causal reasoning"
        },
        {
            "word": "mental models"
        },
        {
            "word": "mental\nsimulation"
        },
        {
            "word": "railway domain"
        },
        {
            "word": "enabling conditions"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Papers",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ns5j96r",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Sangeet",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Khemlani",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "US Naval Research Laboratory",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Geoffrey",
            "middle_name": "P",
            "last_name": "Goodwin",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Pennsylvania",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Phil",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Johnson-Laird",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Princeton University; New York University",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2015-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25561/galley/15185/download/"
        }
    ]
}