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{
    "pk": 25804,
    "title": "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Peer Influence on Discovery Rate during Play",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Previous literature has explored how factors such as maturation,\nattachment style, and security influence children’s freeplay\nbehavior. The present study investigates a previously unexplored\nfactor: peer presence. This is an important consideration\nbecause much of children’s play and early learning occurs\nin a social context with siblings and friends. We tested\nchildren (ages 2 to 11) from two different cultural environments:\nthe lowlands of Bolivia, the home of a group of Amazonian\nfarmer-foragers called the Tsimane’ (Experiment 1),\nand the United States (Experiment 2). We presented groups of\nchildren from both cultures with a set of toys hidden in envelopes\nto explore and discover either with a familiar peer or\nwithout. Tsimane’ children discovered significantly more objects\nin the presence of a peer, over and above the effect that\nwould be expected from simply having two children search\nthe toys independently in parallel. Additionally, Tsimane’\nchildren discovered more objects as a function of age. The\nUnited States children did not exhibit the same pattern of behavior.\nPeer presence facilitated exploration in younger children\nbut inhibited exploration in older children, relative to\nexploration rate without the peer. Taken together, peer presence\nfacilitates exploration among young children across both\ncultures. However, among older U.S. children, peer presence\ninhibited exploration. We propose that the positive effect of\npeer presence on discovery rate may be driven by an increase\nin competition for resource control. The differences among\nolder children across cultures may be an artifact due to experience\nwith formal schooling",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Developmental psychology; developmental experimentation;\ncross-cultural analysis; exploration; discovery;\nlearning; play; social development"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Papers",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jk4t0q1",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Shirlene",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Wade",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Rochester",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Celeste",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kidd",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Rochester",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2015-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25804/galley/15428/download/"
        }
    ]
}