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{
    "pk": 26403,
    "title": "Improving with Practice: A Neural Model of Mathematical Development",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "The ability to improve in speed and accuracy as a result of re-peating some task is an important hallmark of intelligent bio-logical systems. Although gradual behavioural improvementsfrom practice have been modelled in spiking neural networks,few such models have attempted to explain cognitive devel-opment of a task as complex as addition. In this work, wemodel the progression from a counting-based strategy for ad-dition to a recall-based strategy. The model consists of twonetworks working in parallel: a slower basal ganglia loop, anda faster cortical network. The slow network methodically com-putes the count from one digit given another, correspondingto the addition of two digits, while the fast network gradually“memorizes” the output from the slow network. The faster net-work eventually learns how to add the same digits that initiallydrove the behaviour of the slower network. Performance ofthis model is demonstrated by simulating a fully spiking neu-ral network that includes basal ganglia, thalamus and variouscortical areas. Consequently, the model incorporates variousneuroanatomical data, in terms of brain areas used for calcula-tion and makes psychologically testable predictions related tofrequency of rehearsal. Furthermore, the model replicates de-velopmental progression through addition strategies in termsof reaction times and accuracy, and naturally explains observedsymptoms of dyscalculia.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "neural engineering framework; semantic pointerarchitecture; nengo; cognitive modelling; mathematical abil-ity; dyscalculia; skill consolidation"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Papers",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1c35v77f",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Sean",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Aubin",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Waterloo",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Aaron",
            "middle_name": "R.",
            "last_name": "Voelker",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Waterloo",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Chris",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Eliasmith",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Waterloo",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2016-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/26403/galley/16039/download/"
        }
    ]
}