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{
    "pk": 27106,
    "title": "The paradox of relational development is not universal:Abstract reasoning develops differently across cultures",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Recent studies demonstrate a puzzling decline in relationalreasoning during development. Specifically, 3-year-olds failin a relational match-to-sample (RMTS) task, while youngerchildren (18-30 months) succeed (Walker, Bridgers, &Gopnik, 2016). Hoyos, Shao, and Gentner (2016) propose thatolder children fail because of a bias toward individual objectproperties induced by “avid noun learning.” If this is the case,children learning a language with a stronger emphasis onverbs, like Mandarin Chinese, may show an attenuateddecline in relational reasoning. We first test this possibility byreproducing the causal RMTS task in China, and find thatMandarin-speaking 3-year-olds outperform their English-speaking peers in the U.S. In a second experiment, we showthat Mandarin speakers exhibit a corresponding bias towardrelational solutions while English speakers prefer object-based solutions in an ambiguous context. We discuss possiblemechanisms through which language and culture maypromote (or hinder) the early development of relationalreasoning.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Cognitive Development"
        },
        {
            "word": "Causal Learning"
        },
        {
            "word": "relationalreasoning"
        },
        {
            "word": "overhypotheses"
        },
        {
            "word": "Language"
        },
        {
            "word": "culture."
        }
    ],
    "section": "Posters: Papers",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m82j4vz",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Alexandra",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Carstensen",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Radboud University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Caren",
            "middle_name": "M.",
            "last_name": "Walker",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, San Diego",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2017-01-01T10:00:00-08:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/27106/galley/16742/download/"
        }
    ]
}