Article Instance

HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "pk": 27745,
    "title": "Preschoolers are more likely to direct questions to adults than to other children (or selves) during spontaneous conversational acts",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Question asking is a prevalent aspect of children’s speech, pro-\nviding a means by which young learners can rapidly gain infor-\nmation about the world. Although past work demonstrates that\nchildren are sensitive to the knowledge state of potential infor-\nmants (e.g., Koenig & Harris, 2005), less work has explored\nwhether children spontaneously direct questions to adults over\nother children (who are less likely to be knowledgeable), and\nin particular if adult-directed questions focus on content that\nis more likely to support general learning. We recorded in-\ndividual children’s spontaneous speech in 40-minute sessions\nduring their preschool day; for every production we coded\nwhether the speech was directed towards an adult, another\nchild, or was stated to self. Our results (N = 30, totaling 2,232\nutterances) showed that questions took up a greater proportion\nof children’s adult-directed speech as compared to the pro-\nportion of questions in child-directed and self-directed speech.\nFurthermore, although children asked many kinds of questions\n(including conversational clarifications, specific information\nquestions, and questions intended for general learning), chil-\ndren more frequently asked the questions intended for learning\nwhen they spoke to adults than to the other groups. Analysis\nrevealed a developmental effect, with results strongest for the\nolder preschoolers. Our findings suggest that children discrim-\ninately choose ”what” and ”whom” to ask in daily conversa-\ntions, and this ability improves over the course of development.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "question asking"
        },
        {
            "word": "Selective"
        },
        {
            "word": "spontaneous speech"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Publication-based-Talks",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0d70j9bq",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Koeun",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Choi",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Rutgers University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Elizabeth",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Lapidow",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, San Diego",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jennifer",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Austin",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Rutgers University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Patrick",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Shafto",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Rutgers University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Elizabeth",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Bonawitz",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Rutgers University",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2018-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/27745/galley/17385/download/"
        }
    ]
}