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{
    "pk": 29550,
    "title": "Great expectations:\nEvidence for graded prediction of grammatical gender",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Language processing is predictive in nature. But how do\npeople balance multiple competing options as they predict\nupcoming meanings? Here, we investigated whether readers\ngenerate graded predictions about grammatical gender of\nnouns. Sentence contexts were manipulated so that they\nstrongly biased people's expectations towards two or more\nnouns that had the same grammatical gender (single bias\ncondition), or they biased multiple genders from different\ngrammatical classes (multiple bias condition). Our\nexpectation was that unexpected articles should lead to\nelevated reading times (RTs) in the single-bias condition\nwhen probabilistic expectations towards a particular gender\nare violated. Indeed, the results showed greater sensitivity\namong language users towards unexpected articles in the\nsingle-bias condition, however, RTs on unexpected gender-\nmarked articles were facilitated, and not slowed. Our data\nconfirm that difficulty in sentence processing is modulated\nby uncertainty about predicted information, and suggest that\nreaders make graded predictions about grammatical gender.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Language Processing"
        },
        {
            "word": "prediction"
        },
        {
            "word": "gender"
        },
        {
            "word": "Reading"
        },
        {
            "word": "Sentence comprehension"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Poster Session 1",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xb8d9c4",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Katja",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Haeuser",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Saarland University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jutta",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kray",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Saarland University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Arielle",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Borovsky",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Purdue University",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2020-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29550/galley/19410/download/"
        }
    ]
}