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{
    "pk": 33085,
    "title": "Structural Focusing, Thematic Role Focusing and the Comprehension of Pronouns",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "We describe an experiment to test the view that structural \nfocusing and thematic role focusing are distinct. Subjects \nwere presented >Mth 2-clause sentences containing because \nor so The first clause introduced two individuals occupying \nthe thematic roles Goal and Source, while the subject of the \nsecond was either a pronoun or repeated name. Results \nshowed that reading times for the second clause were \nfacilitated when the pronomis referred to the Goal rather \nthan Source, particularly when the clauses were connected \nb> so. This facilitation occurred regardless of the surface \nposition of the Goal and regardless of tlie type of anaphor, \npronoun or repeated name. With pronouns, facilitation also \noccurred when the antecedent was in the first position in its \nclause, but onh when the antecedent was the Source. With \nRepeated Names, reading times were slowed when the \nantecedent was in the first position, regardless of its \nthematic role. These findings suggest that there are two foci \nin an utterance, one containing the first noun phrase in the \nutterance and the other containing the preferred thematic \nrole. W e suggest that the focus based on initial mention \ncorresponds to the forward lookmg center described by Grosz \net al. (1963) and that the focus based on thematic roles is \npart of the global focus (Grosz and Sidner, 1986). W e also \ndiscuss the implications of our results for Sanford and \nGarrod's (1981) scenario mapping model.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "17",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1t06m8ks",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Rosemary",
            "middle_name": "J.",
            "last_name": "Stevenson",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Durham",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Agnieszka",
            "middle_name": "J.",
            "last_name": "Urbanowicz",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Durham",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "1995-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/33085/galley/24146/download/"
        }
    ]
}