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{
    "pk": 33091,
    "title": "Pragmatic effects in zero anapho r resolution: Implications for modularity.",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Fodor (1983) has claimed that informational encapsulation \nof the parser is the way the language system prevents extralinguistic factors firom slowing down first pass processing. \nHowever, in a naming task where the visual probe was an appropriate or inappropriate pronoun continuation to a gerundive \nphrase following passages in which discourse focus and verb \nsemantics were co-varied (Marslen-Wilson, Tyler & Koster, \n1993) we found appropriateness effects which suggest a role \nfor on-line pragmatic inference in top down control of the \nparser. Fodor, Garret & Swinney (1993) maintain that, though \nthe gerund is marked as requiring a subject NP, the inferential \nactivity underlying referent assignment does not occur until an \nexplicit anaphor (the pronoun target) is encountered. As modularity predicts a cost associated with contacting real world \ninformation, assignment times to gerunds should take longer \nthan assignments based on lexical information. A speeded fragment completion task was used to counter Fodor's objection to \na pronoun probe and to detect differences in the times taken to \nmake anaphor assignments. The two studies reported here used \nthe original Marslen-Wilson et al. (1993) materials. Conect \nassignments in the gerundive condition (\"Rurming towards...\") \nwere cost free with the exception of the condition where the \npragmatically most likely subject was not in discourse focus. \nLatencies to initiate a completion were otherwise similar regardless of whether the to-be-completed fragment contained \na gerund or a disambiguating pronoun. Furthermore, in the \nabsence of pragmatic constraints, assignment always favoured \nthe highlighted entity. These results reproduce the critical data \nfrom the Marslen-Wilson et al. (1993) study which demonstrates context effects on first pass processing.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "17",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5105g5r0",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Mark",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Durrant-Peatfield",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Birkbeck College, University of London",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "William",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Marslen-Wilson",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Birkbeck College, University of London",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "1995-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/33091/galley/24152/download/"
        }
    ]
}