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{
    "pk": 33580,
    "title": "Randomized Controlled Trial of Atorvastatin in Acute Influenza in the Emergency Department",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> We sought to determine whether atorvastatin administration attenuates the inflammatory response and improves clinical outcomes in acute influenza. <br>Methods: We conducted a randomized double-blind trial administering atorvastatin 40 milligrams or placebo to adults with confirmed influenza for five days between December 2013–May 2018. Patients were primarily enrolled in the emergency department (ED) at an urban, tertiary-care center. Serum was obtained at enrollment and 72 hours for the primary outcome, change in interleukin (IL-6). Patients reported severity of influenza symptoms over 10 days. We used linear mixed-effects models for the primary comparisons. </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 116 enrolled patients, 59 received atorvastatin and 57 received placebo. Groups were well-matched including baseline influenza symptom scores and receipt of an antiviral medication. There was no difference between groups in the change in interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (P=0.468). However, there were significant differences in the overall influenza symptom scores, favoring faster resolution in the atorvastatin group (P=0.05). For patients presenting within 48 hours of symptom onset, resolution was faster for the overall score (P &lt;0.001) and for the fever (P=0.001), sore throat (P=0.005) and headache (P=0.006) components. No safety concerns were identified. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atorvastatin administration in acute influenza appears safe. We did not find attenuation of IL-6 with atorvastatin. Patients receiving atorvastatin reported improvement in their clinical symptoms at a faster rate than those in the placebo group, particularly in patients presenting within 48 hours of symptom onset. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02056340. </p>",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "influenza"
        },
        {
            "word": "Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors"
        },
        {
            "word": "Inflammation"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Infectious Disease",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13b9m2b5",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Maureen",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Chase",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michael",
            "middle_name": "N.",
            "last_name": "Cocchi",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia Critical Care, Division of Critical Care, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Anne",
            "middle_name": "V.",
            "last_name": "Grossestreuer",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Xiaowen",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Liu",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jacob",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Vine",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Ari",
            "middle_name": "L.",
            "last_name": "Moskowitz",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Montefiore Medical Center, Division of Critical Care Medicine, New York City, New York",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michael",
            "middle_name": "W.",
            "last_name": "Donnino",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia Critical Care, Division of Critical Care, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2024-08-09T12:34:58.800000Z",
    "date_accepted": "2025-01-18T23:14:22.096000Z",
    "date_published": "2025-04-29T16:55:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/33580/galley/36403/download/"
        }
    ]
}