Article Instance

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{
    "pk": 3522,
    "title": "A Cycle of Dependence: Automobiles, Accessibility, and the Evolution of the Transportation and Retail Hierarchies",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "This paper explores how the automobile has indirectly led to dramatic changes in patterns of accessibility to retail and service activity within metropolitan regions. The automo­ bile instigated a greater articulation of the hierarchy of transportation facilities, as reflected in a greater differentia­ tion between the local and the regional systems. At the same time, the automobile instigated a collapse in the retail hierarchy, by encouraging the growth of community and regional centers at the expense of local shops and the cen­ tral busmess district. The result has been a cycle of depend­ ence, in which suburban communities are designed for the automobile, leaving residents little choice but to drive. Ac­ cess to retail activity is now dependent on the automobile but vulnerable to increasing levels of congestion that are driven by dependence on the automobile.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": null,
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "Articles",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mt6b48p",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Susan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Handy",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2012-07-25T17:56:45Z",
    "date_accepted": "2012-07-25T17:56:45Z",
    "date_published": "1993-07-25T07:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3522/galley/2279/download/"
        }
    ]
}