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{
    "pk": 40544,
    "title": "Specters of Saint Francis: Agamben's \nThe Highest Poverty\n and the State of Digital Culture",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "This essay reflects on Giorgio Agamben's \nThe Highest Poverty: Monastic Rules and Form-of-Life\n (2013) with particular attention to the Italian philosopher's detailed analysis of the question of the open, free sharing of goods, or \"simple use,\" as the ultimate point of contention between the Franciscan movement and the Roman Catholic Church.  The essay refutes Agamben's contention that such a practice is unthinkable in contemporary society.  Indeed, in the digital domain, the question of the open sharing of goods such as information or network bandwidth has resurfaced with renewed urgency.  Yet it is highly doubtful whether the Internet represents the genuine triumph of simple use.  Through examples such as the indictment of Aaron Swartz for downloading scholarly articles from the JSTOR database, the ascendancy of Coursera as a corporate publisher of online educational content via a MOOC (Massive Online Open Course) model, and the current debate surrounding network neutrality, the essay debates the extent to which the Franciscan idea of \nsimplex usus\n remains a problematic spectral presence.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Giorgio Agamben"
        },
        {
            "word": "Simple Use"
        },
        {
            "word": "Simplex Usus"
        },
        {
            "word": "Forms of Life"
        },
        {
            "word": "Form-of-Life"
        },
        {
            "word": "Saint Francis of Assisi"
        },
        {
            "word": "Franciscanism"
        },
        {
            "word": "Pope John XXII"
        },
        {
            "word": "internet"
        },
        {
            "word": "Aaron Swartz"
        },
        {
            "word": "Coursera"
        },
        {
            "word": "MOOCs"
        },
        {
            "word": "Network Neutrality"
        }
    ],
    "section": "The Sacred and the Saints",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4807x5fr",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Alessia",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Ricciardi",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2014-05-31T02:12:13+02:00",
    "date_accepted": "2014-05-31T02:12:13+02:00",
    "date_published": "2015-07-30T09:00:00+02:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40544/galley/30451/download/"
        }
    ]
}