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{
    "pk": 41387,
    "title": "Huanglongbing in Texas: Report on the first detections in commercial citrus",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is a destructive citrus disease associated with 3 α-proteobacteria species of \nCandidatus\n Liberibacter. The first report of HLB in the USA was from Florida in 2005 and \nCa\n. L. asiaticus (Las) is the only species currently confirmed in the USA. In January 2012, a Valencia sweet orange tree in a commercial orchard in San Juan, Texas, tested positive for Las by real-time and conventional PCR assays and by the sequence of its partial 16S rRNA gene. The sample tested negative for \nCa\n. L. americanus and \nCa\n. L. africanus. All 4 Valencia sweet orange seedlings that were graft-inoculated using budwood from the first Texas HLB-infected tree showed typical HLB symptoms 3 months post-inoculation and tested positive for the pathogen. Such HLB typical symptoms as leaf blotchy mottle, twig die-back, veinal chlorosis, lopsided and greening fruits were observed on the Las-positive tree in the orchard, which immediately triggered an intensive survey of the disease in the area. Typical HLB symptoms were found on 54 Valencia sweet orange trees in the same orchard and 18 Rio Red grapefruit trees in an adjacent orchard. All these symptomatic trees tested positive for Las by PCR and sequencing.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "Articles",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99p100ts",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "J.",
            "middle_name": "V.",
            "last_name": "da Graça",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "M.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kunta",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "M.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Sétamou",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "J.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Rascoe",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "W.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Li",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "M.",
            "middle_name": "K.",
            "last_name": "Nakhla",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "B.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Salas",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Mission Laboratory, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "D.",
            "middle_name": "W.",
            "last_name": "Bartels",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Mission Laboratory, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2015-06-25T18:59:45Z",
    "date_accepted": "2015-06-25T18:59:45Z",
    "date_published": "2015-06-26T18:52:26Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
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            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/41387/galley/30986/download/"
        }
    ]
}