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{
    "pk": 41740,
    "title": "New remains of middle Miocene equids from the Cajon Valley Formation, San Bernardino National Forest, San Bernardino County, California, USA",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "New material of three equids is described from the middle Miocene Cajon Valley Formation in San Bernardino National Forest, San Bernardino County, California. The material includes teeth of \nArchaeohippus mourningi\n, \nScaphohippus sumani\n, and \nParahippus brevidens\n. \nScaphohippus intermontanus\n is considered a junior subjective synonym of \nS. sumani\n. \nParahippus brevidens\n is identified from an upper molar that closely resembles the morphology of the holotype as well as referred specimens of \nPa. brevidens\n from the Mascall Formation in Oregon and the Temblor Formation in California. The presence of \nPa. brevidens\n in the Cajon Valley Formation represents a geographic range extension for the taxon of over 400 km. Interesting ecological implications emerge for the Cajon Valley Formation when compared to the nearby Barstow Formation, including the presence of chalicotheres and apparent lack of \nHypohippus affinis\n and \nMegahippus mckennai\n.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
        "text": "<p><!-- x-tinymce/html --></p>\n<p>Readers are free to:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Share</strong> — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format</li>\n<li><strong>Adapt</strong> — remix, transform, and build upon the material<br><br>The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Under the following terms:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Attribution</strong> — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.</li>\n<li><strong>NonCommercial</strong> — You may not use the material for commercial purposes .</li>\n<li><strong>ShareAlike</strong> — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.<br><br>No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Notices:</p>\n<p>You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.</p>\n<p>No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.</p>",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Parahippus brevidens, Scaphohippus sumani, Scaphohippus intermontanus, Archaeohippus mourningi, Equidae, Cajon Pass"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dv597pp",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Brittney",
            "middle_name": "E.",
            "last_name": "Stoneburg",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Western Science Center, 2345 Searl Parkway, Hemet, CA 92543.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Andrew",
            "middle_name": "T.",
            "last_name": "McDonald",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Western Science Center, 2345 Searl Parkway, Hemet, CA 92543.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Alton",
            "middle_name": "C.",
            "last_name": "Dooley, Jr.",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Western Science Center, 2345 Searl Parkway, Hemet, CA 92543.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Eric",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Scott",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Cogstone Resource Management, 1518 West Taft Avenue, Orange, CA 92865.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Charlotte",
            "middle_name": "J.H.",
            "last_name": "Hohman",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Montana State University, 100 Culbertson Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717.",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2021-02-25T19:30:45Z",
    "date_accepted": "2021-02-25T19:30:45Z",
    "date_published": "2021-02-25T08:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41740/galley/31212/download/"
        }
    ]
}