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{
    "pk": 41848,
    "title": "Flexible Indian Labor:  Yoga, Information Technology Migration, and U.S. Technoculture",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "In today’s United States, yoga seems to provide a popular antidote to the increasing demands of technology. But, this essay contends, the practice also plays an important part in a larger cultural logic whereby labor from India nourishes a seemingly endless appetite for technological innovation in the United States. This essay shows how imaginative representations of yoga in the autobiography of the Indian guru Paramahansa Yogananda helped to create fantasies that could alleviate U.S. anxieties about technological development. The essay then exposes an inverted mirror of this cultural logic in the representation of information technology migrants from India, whose experiences of grey market exploitation in the United States show the nation’s reliance on a disavowed Indian labor source. This essay contends that both the Indian yogi and the Indian technology migrant can be read as U.S. technology workers. This labor has become important both to the U.S. body politic and to the Indian state, but it can be distinctly debilitating for the Indian diaspora.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Yoga"
        },
        {
            "word": "technology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Paramahansa Yogananda"
        },
        {
            "word": "H-1B visa"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tx2d6d9",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Shameem",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Black",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "The Australian National University",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2015-10-19T02:34:58+02:00",
    "date_accepted": "2015-10-19T02:34:58+02:00",
    "date_published": "2016-10-12T21:04:25+02:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/raceandyoga/article/41848/galley/31278/download/"
        }
    ]
}