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{
    "pk": 43509,
    "title": "Principles and Practices for Integrating genAI in Formative Language Assessment",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "<p>Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence (genAI) have ushered in a shift in the educational paradigm. Despite the potential pitfalls in genAI, research in this field has also indicated that these technologies possess the capability to improve teachers’ workflows and have broader impacts on educational accessibility and effectiveness (e.g., Sullivan et al., 2023). Nevertheless, a significant gap persists in practical, in-class applications and clear, principled guidelines for integrating these technologies into everyday teaching. This article seeks to provide actionable strategies and prompts to ease teachers’ workloads and improve teaching by demonstrating how ChatGPT can generate formative language assessment items. In this investigation, we utilized three of TESOL International’s principles for exemplary teaching to develop formative language assessment items. By aligning genAI technology with established pedagogical strategies, this research highlights the role of genAI as a supplementary tool rather than a substitute for human educators.</p>",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Generative AI"
        },
        {
            "word": "language assessment"
        },
        {
            "word": "large language models"
        },
        {
            "word": "teacher-AI collaboration"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Teachers' Forum",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73f239dd",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Larry",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Grullon-Polanco",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of South Florida",
            "department": "World Languages"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jihye",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kim",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of South Florida",
            "department": "World Languages"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2025-02-14T01:09:43.756000Z",
    "date_accepted": "2025-08-16T00:25:02.161000Z",
    "date_published": "2025-10-01T21:41:00Z",
    "render_galley": {
        "label": "Final Galley",
        "type": "pdf",
        "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39968/download/"
    },
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "Galley v1",
            "type": "other",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39956/download/"
        },
        {
            "label": "Final Galley",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39968/download/"
        }
    ]
}