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{
    "pk": 47049,
    "title": "Reduplication In Khiamniungan",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "<p>This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of reduplication in Khiamniungan, a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Northeast India and parts of Myanmar. Reduplication in Khiamniungan is common across word classes. The study identifies and categorizes four primary reduplicative strategies: (1) echo formations, where partial reduplication creates semantically modified words; (2) compounding reduplication, in which morphologically independent stems combine to form new lexical items; (3) full reduplication, used for emphasis, pluralization, quantification, and manner marking; and (4) expressive reduplication, which encodes sensory and onomatopoeic meanings. The paper highlights the syntactic and semantic functions of reduplicated forms, illustrating their role in quantification, habitual aspect marking, imperative constructions, and intensification. While complete reduplication is pervasive across word classes, partial reduplication and echo formations are comparatively less common but still attested. Additionally, Khiamniungan exhibits a robust system of expressive reduplication that encodes sensory perception, aligning with patterns observed in other Tibeto-Burman languages. This study contributes to the broader understanding of reduplication in the Patkaian (Northern Naga) linguistic subgroup and sheds light on typological features relevant to Tibeto-Burman languages as a whole.</p>",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Reduplication"
        },
        {
            "word": "Khiamniungan"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Languages and Peoples of the Eastern Himalayan Region",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5109g699",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Keen",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Thaam",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Nagaland University",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2025-03-20T18:35:51.477000Z",
    "date_accepted": "2025-10-27T16:11:25.303000Z",
    "date_published": "2025-10-27T15:12:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
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            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/47049/galley/40174/download/"
        }
    ]
}