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{
    "pk": 49028,
    "title": "From Spec to Head: A Theory of ‘Predicativization’",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "<p>This paper advances a theory of ‘Predicativization’ whereby a negatively intensifying adverb such as <em>sappari</em> ‘(not) at all’ in SpecNegP becomes reanalyzed as the Neg head, which then undergoes a categorial shift from Neg to A. I argue that the derived, X<sup>0</sup> status of the adjectival predicate in question finds support in the unavailability of the predicative use of <em>zenzen</em> ‘(not) at all’ in the positively intensifying sense and that of <em>sukosimo</em> ‘(not) a bit’. The proposed Spec-to-Head reanalysis naturally extends itself to aspectual adverbs. In fact, the presence of predicative <em>mada</em> ‘(not) yet’ on the one hand and the absence of predicative <em>moo</em> ‘(not) any longer’ on the other lends empirical support to the syntactic nature of Predicativization. Predicativization, as understood here, aligns in spirit with syntactic analyses of lexicalization (Hale &amp; Keyser 1993, 2002, Marantz 1997, among others) and is considered a case of ‘<strong>anti</strong>grammaticalization’ (cf. Haspelmath 2004).</p>",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "Poster Presentations",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c1809z3",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Tomio",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Hirose",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Kanagawa University",
            "department": "Department of Cross-Cultural Studies"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2025-07-17T04:30:15.960000Z",
    "date_accepted": "2025-07-17T20:41:15.272000Z",
    "date_published": "2025-07-07T10:00:00Z",
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}