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{
    "pk": 49810,
    "title": "Spatial Terms in English Plus Twelve Languages:  Evidence for Functional and Geometric Classes",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "A long-standing open question concerns the universal properties of the representations of spatial expressions, specifically, the question of whether they fall into two separate classes, functional/ force-dynamic vs. geometric (Landau, 2025). Recently Viechnicki et al. (2024) proposed a new method for examining spatial expressions across languages by filtering massive parallel text corpora for basic locative constructions (BLCs); that study showed promising but tentative and limited evidence for the two classes of spatial expressions across languages.  The current study replicates and extends those overall findings using a larger corpus and a more effective filtration technique.  Experiment 1 analyzes cross-linguistic variational patterns from a corpus of parallel BLCs from 12 languages, finding distinct patterns for functional and geometric spatial terms. Experiment 2 examines the semantics of ground objects from a large corpus of English BLCs and reveals additional evidence for two underlying classes of spatial relations.  The two experiments strengthen the evidence from web-scale corpus linguistics supporting distinct universal cognitive representations of functional vs. geometric spatial terms.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Computer Science; Linguistics; Language and thought; Natural Language Processing; Spatial cognition; Corpus studies; Cross-linguistic analysis"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76w0k0h2",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Peter",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Viechnicki",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Johns Hopkins University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Zandi",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Eberstadt",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Johns Hopkins University",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Barbara",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Landau",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Johns Hopkins University",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2025-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49810/galley/37772/download/"
        }
    ]
}