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{
    "pk": 49887,
    "title": "What is addiction? Substance-specific biases in human beliefs and LLMs",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Understanding how individuals conceptualize addiction is an important approach to the study of substance use etiology. We asked participants in a large free-response study of of intuitive conceptualizations of addiction among alcohol and cannabis users and co-users to share their beliefs about the benefits and harms of alcohol and cannabis, and to explain in simple terms what it means to be addicted. Using a frontier language model (ChatGPT-4o) we extracted structured representations of people's beliefs and explanations, assessing the extent to which responses represented 11 clinically relevant diagnostic symptoms from the DSM-5 section on Substance Use Disorders. People's beliefs showed clear substance-specific biases, attributing more clinically relevant symptoms to alcohol than cannabis. A prompt-context manipulation that contextualized participants' substance-neutral explanations as relevant to either cannabis or alcohol revealed evidence sometimes for similar, and for other times opposite direction, substance-specific biases imposed by the ChatGPT annotation process itself.",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "",
        "short_name": "",
        "text": null,
        "url": ""
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Linguistics; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Concepts and categories"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bt6f9ns",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Maria",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Martin Lopez",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Keanan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Joyner",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Bill",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Thompson",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": null,
    "date_accepted": null,
    "date_published": "2025-01-01T18:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "PDF",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49887/galley/37849/download/"
        }
    ]
}