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{
    "pk": 5240,
    "title": "The Synergy of Laboratory and Field Studies of Dolphin Behavior and Cognition",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Dolphin behavior and cognition have been studied in both the laboratory and the wild. Laboratory studies provide high levels of control over experimental variables and the opportunity to investigate the cognitive mechanisms of behavior. However, laboratory studies are typically limited to a few subjects. Field studies have the benefit of examining behavior and social interactions among large numbers of individuals. They can reveal how cognitive abilities are expressed naturally, and can provide external validity for observations in the laboratory. However, there is typically less controlover experimental variables in field studies than in the laboratory. Thus, a synergistic relationship has emerged between laboratory and field studies of dolphin behavior and cognition with each contributing information and ideas to the other that can lead to new questions and insights. This relationship is demonstrated using four issues: a) the types of percepts and mental representations dolphins can form through echolocation; b) the complexity of relationships that dolphins can understand; c) the dolphin's competency in symbolic referential communication; and d) the dolphin's ability to manage joint attention through pointing and gazing.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavior"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behaviour"
        },
        {
            "word": "Communication"
        },
        {
            "word": "vocalization"
        },
        {
            "word": "learning"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy"
        },
        {
            "word": "cognition"
        },
        {
            "word": "Cognitive Processes"
        },
        {
            "word": "Intelligence"
        },
        {
            "word": "Choice"
        },
        {
            "word": "Conditioning"
        },
        {
            "word": "Language"
        },
        {
            "word": "social behavior"
        },
        {
            "word": "Dolphin"
        },
        {
            "word": "marine mammal"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5803w29x",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Adam",
            "middle_name": "A.",
            "last_name": "Pack",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Hawai’i at Hilo,\nThe Dolphin Institute",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T06:25:05+05:30",
    "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T06:25:05+05:30",
    "date_published": "2010-08-01T12:30:00+05:30",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5240/galley/3119/download/"
        }
    ]
}