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{
    "pk": 5767,
    "title": "Behavioral Contrast in a Group Foraging Paradigm",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Two experiments examined multiple schedule behavioral contrast in a group foraging paradigm. Groups of five rats foraged simultaneously in a large open field apparatus with two feeding stations. Food pellets were delivered at each of the feeding stations on multiple Variable Time schedules. As predicted by both the matching law and the ideal free distribution, the relative distribution of behavior between the two feeding stations roughly matched the relative rate of food delivery at the feeding stations. These differences were reflected in both the behavior of individual animals and in the behavior of the group. Positive behavioral contrast was found in Experiment 1, evidenced by an increase in the frequency of response in one component produced by a decreased rate of food delivery in the other component. Negative behavioral contrast was found in Experiment 2, evidenced by a decreased frequency of response in one component produced by an increased rate of food delivery in the other component. Interestingly, there was virtually no correlation between the behavior of an individual animal and the number of pellets consumed by that animal. The present results support other attempts to compare the matching law to the ideal free distribution. The data also show that behavioral contrast is predicted by both models and in fact occurs in ways consistent with both models.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavior"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behaviour"
        },
        {
            "word": "learning"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy"
        },
        {
            "word": "cognition"
        },
        {
            "word": "Cognitive Processes"
        },
        {
            "word": "Conditioning"
        },
        {
            "word": "Emotion"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavioral Contrast"
        },
        {
            "word": "Open Field"
        },
        {
            "word": "Rat"
        },
        {
            "word": "Contrast"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Research Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64q645qs",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Valeri A.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Farmer-Dougan",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Illinois State University, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "James D.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Dougan",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Illinois Wesleyan University, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2009-04-30T07:00:00Z",
    "date_accepted": "2009-04-30T07:00:00Z",
    "date_published": "2005-12-31T08:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5767/galley/3522/download/"
        }
    ]
}