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{
    "pk": 5802,
    "title": "All Mothers are Not the Same: Maternal Styles in Bottlenose Dolphins (\nTursiops truncatus\n)",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "A dolphin calf’s relationship with its mother is crucial for its survival and may be affected by the mother’s preferred mode of interacting with her calf. Mothers from a variety of species exhibit individual differences and stable maternal styles. However, little is known about individual differences in the maternal behaviors of dolphins. We investigated the possibility of maternal styles in dolphins by identifying specific maternal care behaviors in 7 dolphin mothers at two facilities during the first year of each calf’s life. The mothers exhibited different patterns of behavior including proximity maintenance, discipline, and initiation of separations and reunions with calves. These patterns of maternal behaviors suggest that dolphin mothers display a range of maternal styles that appear to be differentiated by level of maternal control. Moreover, a mother may also modify her individual style as her calf matures and as the social context changes.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behavior"
        },
        {
            "word": "Behaviour"
        },
        {
            "word": "learning"
        },
        {
            "word": "Communication"
        },
        {
            "word": "Intelligence"
        },
        {
            "word": "Mothers"
        },
        {
            "word": "Maternal"
        },
        {
            "word": "Bottlenose"
        },
        {
            "word": "Dolphin"
        },
        {
            "word": "Calf"
        },
        {
            "word": "Proximity"
        },
        {
            "word": "Maintenance"
        },
        {
            "word": "Discipline"
        },
        {
            "word": "initiation"
        },
        {
            "word": "Separation"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Research Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0390q1j9",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Heather",
            "middle_name": "M",
            "last_name": "Hill",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "St. Mary’s University, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Tammy",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Greer",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Southern Mississippi, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Moby",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Solangi",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Institute for Marine Mammal Studies, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Stan A.",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kuczaj II",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Southern Mississippi, U.S.A.",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2009-04-29T03:00:00-04:00",
    "date_accepted": "2009-04-29T03:00:00-04:00",
    "date_published": "2007-12-31T03:00:00-05:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5802/galley/3557/download/"
        }
    ]
}