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{
    "pk": 62584,
    "title": "Abundance, Species Richness, and Reproductive Success of Tidal Marsh Birds at China Camp State Park, Marin County, California",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Extensive habitat loss and degradation have resulted in decreases in populations of tidal marsh breeding birds in the San Francisco Estuary in the past 150 years. We conducted point count surveys and nest monitoring in tidal marsh habitat at China Camp State Park from 1996 through 2007 to assess bird abundance, species richness and reproductive success over time. We found overall species richness at China Camp to be significantly lower than that of other San Pablo Bay tidal marshes, but also to be increasing during the study period. We present relative density indices and confirm breeding for three focal species that are of conservation concern: San Pablo song sparrow (\nMelospiza melodia samuelis\n), California black rail (\nLaterallus jamaicensis coturniculus\n), and California clapper rail (\nRallus longirostris obsoletus\n). Song sparrows were observed at higher densities at China Camp than at other San Pablo Bay sites. There was no apparent trend in song sparrow density during the study period at China Camp, in contrast with the rest of San Pablo Bay, which displayed a significant decline. We determined song sparrow nest survival probability using the method described by Mayfield (1975) and found that nest survival at China Camp varied markedly among years, from >30% in 1996 to 6% in 2006, with no discernible trend. The main causes of nest failure were predation and tidal flooding. Song sparrow nests were found predominantly in gumplant (\nGrindelia stricta\n) and pickleweed (\nSarcocornia pacifica\n) and less commonly in saltgrass (\nDistichlis spicata\n). Clapper rails nested exclusively in pickleweed and black rail nests were found mainly in gumplant and less commonly in saltgrass. China Camp’s expansive ancient marsh supports endemic and bird species of conservation concern, while serving as a reference site for tidal marsh studies in San Francisco Bay. The long-term monitoring of tidal marsh bird breeding parameters at China Camp has the potential to provide early detection of declining population trends before local populations become imperiled.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Song Sparrow, California Clapper Rail, California Black Rail, density, nest survival, saltmarsh"
        },
        {
            "word": "Population Biology"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Research Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xm1q06z",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Julian",
            "middle_name": "K.",
            "last_name": "Wood",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "PRBO Conservation Science",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Leonard",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Liu",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "PRBO Conservation Science",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Nadav",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Nur",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "PRBO Conservation Science",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Mark",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Herzog",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Nils",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Warnock",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Alaska Audubon",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2010-07-31T01:18:59Z",
    "date_accepted": "2010-07-31T01:18:59Z",
    "date_published": "2012-08-24T07:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62584/galley/48322/download/"
        }
    ]
}