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{
    "pk": 62601,
    "title": "Delta Flow Factors Influencing Stray Rate of Escaping Adult San Joaquin River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon (\nOncorhynchus tshawytscha\n)",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Adult salmon that stray when they escape into non-natal streams to spawn is a natural phenomenon that promotes population growth and genetic diversity, but excessive stray rates impede adult abundance restoration efforts. Adult San Joaquin River (SJR) Basin fall-run Chinook salmon (\nOncorhynchus tshawytscha\n) that return to freshwater to spawn migrate through the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta (Delta). The Delta has been heavily affected by land development and water diversion. During the fall time-period for the years 1979 to 2007 Delta pumping facilities diverted on average 340% of the total inflow volume that entered the Delta from the SJR. The hypothesis tested in this paper is that river flow and Delta exports are not significantly correlated with SJR salmon stray rates. Adult coded-wire-tagged salmon recoveries from Central Valley rivers were used to estimate the percentage of SJR Basin salmon that strayed to the Sacramento River Basin. SJR salmon stray rates were negatively correlated (\nP \n= 0.05) with the average magnitude of pulse flows (e.g., 10 d) in mid- to late-October and positively correlated (\nP \n= 0.10) with mean Delta export rates. It was not possible to differentiate between the effects of pulse flows in October and mean flows in October and November on stray rates because of the co-linearity between these two variables. Whether SJR-reduced pulse flow or elevated exports causes increased stray rates is unclear. Statistically speaking the results indicate that flow is the primary factor. However empirical data indicates that little if any pulse flow leaves the Delta when south Delta exports are elevated, so exports in combination with pulse flows may explain the elevated stray rates. For management purposes, we developed two statistical models that predict SJR salmon stray rate: (1) flow and export as co-independent variables; and (2) south Delta Export (E) and SJR inflow (I) in the form of an E:I ratio.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Fall-run"
        },
        {
            "word": "Chinook"
        },
        {
            "word": "Salmon"
        },
        {
            "word": "Stray"
        },
        {
            "word": "Delta"
        },
        {
            "word": "San Joaquin"
        },
        {
            "word": "Sacramento"
        },
        {
            "word": "Exports"
        },
        {
            "word": "Age"
        },
        {
            "word": "Hatchery"
        },
        {
            "word": "Aquaculture and Fisheries"
        },
        {
            "word": "Biostatistics"
        },
        {
            "word": "Hydrology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Population Biology"
        },
        {
            "word": "Probability"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Research Article",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6f88q6pf",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Dean",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Marston",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "California Department of Fish and Game",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Carl",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Mesick",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Alan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Hubbard",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Dale",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Stanton",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "California Department of Fish and Game",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Scott",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Fortmann-Roe",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Steve",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Tsao",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "California Department of Fish and Game",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Tim",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Heyne",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "California Dept. of Fish and Game",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2011-06-29T18:43:22Z",
    "date_accepted": "2011-06-29T18:43:22Z",
    "date_published": "2012-12-19T08:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62601/galley/48330/download/"
        }
    ]
}