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{
    "pk": 923,
    "title": "Giant Bladder Calculus in an Adult- A Persistent Problem in the Developing World: A Case Report",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction:\n Giant urinary bladder calculus in an adult is an uncommon entity. The number of patients with giant bladder calculi has decreased over recent years owing to wider availability of healthcare and better diagnostic modalities.\nCase Report:\n We present a case of a young adult without any history of recurrent urinary tract infections or bladder outlet obstruction with giant vesical calculus who presented to the emergency department with gross hematuria, abdominal pain, and dysuria. Investigations revealed a large calculus in the urinary bladder, and suprapubic cystolithotomy was performed. A large stone of 6.5×6×5.5 centimeters, weighing 125 grams, was removed. On follow-up, the patient was free of any symptoms and cystoscopy was normal.\nConclusion: \nUrinary outflow obstruction must be ruled out in all patients with giant vesical calculus. Patients without any predisposing condition should be treated as a separate entity and evaluated accordingly. Multiple surgical treatment modalities are available for bladder calculus patients. Treatment is personalised as per size of stone, number of stones, and associated comorbidities.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "giant vesical calculus"
        },
        {
            "word": "gross hematuria"
        },
        {
            "word": "suprapubic cystolithotomy"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Case Reports",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1252w2h6",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Ajit",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kumar Vidhyarthy",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Department of Surgery, Darbhanga, India",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Tariq",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Hameed",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Rohit",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Lal",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Department of Surgery, Darbhanga, India",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Awadh",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kumar",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Department of Surgery, Darbhanga, India",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Shivanand",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Sahni",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Department of Surgery, Darbhanga, India",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Nanse",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Mendoza",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Kern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakersfield, California, United States of America",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2020-09-23T18:05:04-07:00",
    "date_accepted": "2020-09-23T18:05:04-07:00",
    "date_published": "2020-09-23T18:06:06-07:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/923/galley/671/download/"
        }
    ]
}