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{
    "pk": 9431,
    "title": "Moving Beyond Screening: How Emergency Departments Can Help Extinguish the HIV/AIDS Epidemic",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "While great strides have been made in diagnostic and treatment strategies, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major public health epidemic. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report article, “Vital Signs: HIV Diagnosis, Care, and Treatment Among Persons Living with HIV – United States, 2011,” highlights current areas of concern regarding HIV diagnosis and care. The CDC estimates that 1.2 million people in the U.S. are living with HIV. Of them, 86% have received a diagnosis (14% remain undiagnosed and unaware), but only 40% are engaged in care and a mere 30% are virally suppressed. Emergency departments (EDs) can play a major role in combatting the HIV epidemic through regular screening and facilitating linkage to chronic HIV care. Universal opt-out screening as recommended by the CDC in 2006 has been shown to be effective but expensive, and has not been widely implemented in EDs nationwide. Cost-effective models and a renewed commitment from ED providers are needed to enhance ED-based HIV containment strategies.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Emergency Medicine"
        },
        {
            "word": "HIV"
        },
        {
            "word": "screening"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Vital Signs",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31f057kr",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Michael",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Menchine",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of USC, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California; USC Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, Los Angeles, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michael",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Zhou",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Shahram",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Lotfipour",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Bharath",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Chakravarthy",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2015-10-30T04:17:03Z",
    "date_accepted": "2015-10-30T04:17:03Z",
    "date_published": "2016-03-03T00:23:32Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9431/galley/5292/download/"
        }
    ]
}