Preprints
There are 6720 Preprints listed.
Global warming strengthens atmospheric ducting
Published: 2026-03-29
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Atmospheric ducts (ADs) provide efficient electromagnetic wave channels for beyond line-of-sight (BLOS) propagation and can serve as a sensitive diagnostic factor for the change of lower atmosphere. Based on the ERA5 model-level reanalysis data (1979–2024), a global-scale assessment of the response of AD evolution to global warming has been revealed for the first time. The occurrence probability, [...]
Spatial-Temporal Assessment of Natural Disaster Losses Using Comb- ined AHP-Entropy Weight Method: A Case Study of Jiangxi Province
Published: 2026-03-29
Subjects: Risk Analysis
The Disaster Situation Index (DSI) serves as a crucial method for natural disaster loss assessment. However, the weight determination in existing assessment practices is characterized by strong subjectivity and methodological singularity, while the classification of DSI also suffers from artificial subjective arbitrariness. To resolve these two issues, this study proposes a hybrid approach [...]
Building a representative UAV RGB reference dataset for national-scale satellite mapping of invasive goldenrods (Solidago spp.): an efficient workflow and accuracy drivers
Published: 2026-03-28
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Reliable wall-to-wall mapping of invasive plants from satellite imagery depends on representative reference data and transparent quality control. Here we present a nationally distributed UAV RGB reference dataset and an end-to-end workflow designed to support national-scale satellite mapping of invasive goldenrods (Solidago spp.) in Poland. During the peak flowering period (August–September [...]
A snag for nutrient fertilization: decoupled production and export
Published: 2026-03-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Marine Biology, Microbiology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Interest in nutrient fertilization waned after inconclusive field experiments, but has resurged. Collating Southern Ocean \textit{in-situ} observations and available fertilization simulations, we find phytoplankton primary production and organic carbon export are uncorrelated in the largest high-nutrient-low-chlorophyll (HNLC) region, while model estimates cast doubt on realistic deployments [...]
The Oceanic Response to Winds in the Antarctic Sea Ice Loss at the end of the 1970s
Published: 2026-03-28
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The sea ice extent (SIE) in the Southern Ocean experienced a substantial decline in the late 1970s, although less pronounced than the one observed in 2016. Though several studies explain the decline since 2016, the 1970s drop is critical in understanding the long-term variability of SIE. To investigate the underlying mechanisms for this decline, we conducted wind stress-forced multi- ensemble [...]
SPATIAL SPARSITY AWARE EXPLAINABLE DEEP LEARNING-BASED LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING: APPLICATION TO A HILL DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering
Landslide susceptibility mapping is a critical disaster risk management tool in mountainous regions, particularly in developing countries and in regions where development is ongoing or planned. This research introduces a novel approach to landslide susceptibility mapping that addresses the persistent challenge of spatial sparsity in landslide datasets, particularly in developing countries where [...]
No place to hide? Regional resilience and vulnerability to global catastrophic risk
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Agriculture, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Food Science, Forest Sciences, Geography, Public Health
What places on Earth are most resilient to global catastrophic risk (GCR)? We provide the first systematic study of what locations are more resilient to a range of catastrophic threats. We reviewed the literature on resilience factors against the impacts of nuclear war, near-Earth objects, large-magnitude volcanic eruptions, large-scale cyberattacks, high altitude electromagnetic pulse, [...]
Seismic and infrasound signals from the 2023 explosive eruption sequence of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Volcanology
Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska erupted in 2023 with 13 explosive paroxysms over a 4 month period, producing notable seismic and low frequency acoustic (infrasound) signals recorded on a local geophysical network. We describe the pre-, syn-, and post-eruptive seismoacoustic signals from the 2023 eruption sequence. Using a recently developed machine learning classifier, we detect and categorize diverse [...]
Satellite Validation of Citizen Science Marine Pollution Data: Multi-Site Correlation Analysis of Sentinel-2 Floating Debris Index and EyeSea Ground-Truth Reports
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Natural Resources and Conservation
We present the first multi-site correlation analysis between the Sentinel-2 Floating Debris Index (FDI) and community-reported marine pollution data from the EyeSea citizen science platform. Across three geographically diverse coastal sites—Vasai-Virar (India), Santa Cruz, Galápagos (Ecuador), and Puerto Montt (Chile)—8,123 geotagged beach pollution reports were analysed against 91 Sentinel-2 L2A [...]
Machine Learning Based Alum Dosing Optimization for Adaptive Water Quality Management in Treatment Plant
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Engineering
Ensuring safe and cost-effective water purification remains a critical challenge, particularly for large natural water bodies like the Halda River, where water quality parameters fluctuate significantly. Traditional methods for determining alum dosages often rely on manual experiments that fail to adapt to real-time variations, leading to inefficiencies and chemical overuse. This study [...]
The Use of an Alum-Based Coagulant “Bucochem” for the Cleaning of Natural Water from Styrene/Divinylbenzene Microplastics
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Other Life Sciences
The efficiency of an alum-based coagulant BUCOCHEM in removing styrene/divinylbenzene microplastic particles sized between 400 and 500 µm from water has been investigated. It was found that the coagulant promotes better sedimentation and compaction of the plastic particles, ensuring the formation of a dense, more stable, and more easily removable sediment layer. 0.1 wt % of the coagulant leads to [...]
Geological controls on Underground Hydrogen Storage in depleted gas fields
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sustainability
The geological storage of hydrogen is an alternative for large-scale energy storage in support of expanding renewable energy systems. The North Sea has hundreds of depleted gas fields that are potential storage sites. Robust screening procedures are necessary to select the most suitable reservoirs in terms of geology. This study investigates the geological controls on hydrogen storage in depleted [...]
Decadal Evolution of Supraglacial Hydrology on the Nivlisen Ice Shelf: From Localized Ponding to Spatially Synchronized Hydrofracture Forcing (2015-2026)
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics
Understanding the mechanical response of Antarctic ice shelves to surface meltwater is critical for evaluating their structural stability. This study presents 11 austral summer seasons (AS 2015-2016 to AS 2025-2026) assessment of supraglacial melt pond dynamics and their mechanical implications for the Nivlisen Ice Shelf grounding zone using Landsat-8/9 imagery combined with in-situ validation [...]
mineralML: Leveraging Machine Learning for Probabilistic Mineral Classification
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Probability, Statistical Methodology, Statistics and Probability, Volcanology
Characterizing phase assemblages in igneous rocks and the chemical variability within these phases is the fundamental basis of many petrological investigations. We present mineralML (mineral classification using Machine Learning), an open-source Python package that classifies common igneous minerals based on oxide chemical data, with prediction scores. mineralML employs a two-stage neural [...]
Nearly three decades of laser altimetry reveal strong regional contrasts and glacier-driven ice losses in Greenland
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Greenland Ice Sheet, a major contributor to sea-level rise, loses mass through complex processes that are not fully understood. Laser altimetry provides direct and accurate measurements of ice sheet surface elevation. Here, we present the first continuous, laser altimetry-based annual reconstruction of Greenland Ice Sheet mass change from 1994 to 2020 at 1 km horizontal resolution. Our novel [...]