Preprints
There are 5239 Preprints listed.
Challenges in Integrating DOM Chemodiversity into Kinetic Models of Soil Respiration for Improved Carbon Cycling Predictions
Published: 2025-01-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Soil Science
Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been proposed as an ecosystem property controlling the microbial metabolism; thus, the fate of carbon (C) in soils. Recent research suggests that accounting for DOM chemodiversity can improve the accuracy of process-based C cycling models; however, this approach has never been validated at continental U.S. scale. In this study, we used [...]
Interpretable biome-aligned temperature zones for climate classification via average monthly temperatures
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
We introduce temperature zones based on average monthly temperatures that closely align with biome boundaries, intended for use in climate classification. This new system retains the simplicity and interpretability of existing classifications, such as those of Köppen-Geiger and Trewartha, while providing an improved fit to biome boundaries. Unlike previous classifications, we developed our system [...]
A bipolar convection seesaw explains Earth system response to Heinrich events
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Climate, Oceanography
On the Chronology and Development of Europe's Highest Aeolian Landform: The Sarykum Dune Complex in the North Caspian Region
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The highest aeolian landform in Europe, the Sarykum dune complex, is located in the southwestern Caspian Depression near the Caucasus Mountains. Despite its prominence and accessibility, its morphology and evolution have been previously poorly understood. In this study we investigate the dune complex through a synthesis of geomorphological, geological, and geochronological methods. Our findings [...]
Widely variable granite production from a restitic metasedimentary terrane by volatile redistribution
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Other Earth Sciences
The amount of melt extracted from a metasedimentary source is a major parameter in quantitative models of crustal processes; however, quantification of melt volume is thwarted by the heterogeneity of the crust and a lack of estimates concerning the amount of fluid present. We observe that highly systematic trends in metasedimentary rocks allow treatment of protoliths as two component mixtures, [...]
Planform geometric classification of fluvial and tidal channels via machine learning
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology
Despite forming under different flow conditions, the geometries of tidal and fluvial channel planforms and planform transformations display significant overlap, hindering efforts to differentiate them geometrically. Although studies have demonstrated that gobally, tidal and fluvial planforms are statistically distinct based on meander metrics, there are currently no machine-learning methodologies [...]
Enhanced Oil Recovery using carbon dioxide directly captured from air does not enable carbon-neutral oil
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Chemical Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study evaluates the feasibility of producing carbon neutral oil via CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO2-EOR) coupled with direct air capture. Existing analyses often provide case-specific insights based on short-term operations that do not encompass the full life cycle of reservoir exploitation. In contrast, we propose a novel, top-down approach based on mass and volume conservation, expanding [...]
Rift-Induced Repositioning of Mantle Plumes Beneath the Indian Lithosphere: Implications for Deccan Volcanism
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Indian craton comprises a number of old rifts, e.g., the Narmada, the Mahanadi and the Godavari rifts, which reactivated in multiple stages during the supercontinent breakup events. The latest reactivation of the Indian rift system occurred at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary when the Réunion plume interacted with the Indian plate, leading to the massive Deccan volcanism at 66 Ma. Although the [...]
DeepGEM-EGF: A Bayesian strategy for joint estimates of source-time functions and empirical Green’s functions
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
An earthquake record is the convolution of source radiation, path propagation and site effects, and instrument response. Isolating the source component requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem. Whether the instability of inferred source parameters arises from varying properties of the source, or from approximations we introduce in solving the problem, remains an open question. Such [...]
Pleistocene pedogenic carbonates from alluvial paleosols in eastern Sudan reveal a semi-arid and seasonal climate, similar to today
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Geology
Pedogenic carbonates can provide important information regarding paleoclimatic conditions. Compared with East Africa, Pleistocene pedogenic carbonates in Sudan, particularly calcretes, have received very little attention, particularly with regard to local paleoclimatic reconstructions. Pleistocene alluvial sediments aged from ~230 to <17 ka were deposited along the middle Atbara River in [...]
Basin-scale development of giant collapse structures induced by gypsum diagenesis
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Across buried sedimentary basins, the dissolution-prone nature of evaporite sequences drives the formation of collapse structures (e.g., sinkholes), fundamentally transforming landscapes at large scales. Understanding where, why, and how such structures form is crucial, given they pose geological hazards that may threaten human safety and infrastructure stability, or may affect subsurface [...]
Model weighting for ISMIP6-Greenland based on observations and similarity among models
Published: 2025-01-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Glaciology
The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) resulted in a large number of ice sheet simulations from multiple ice sheet models. To-date, there are no model weighting studies that analyze or quantify the model performance and possible duplication of the ISMIP6 ice sheet models and the resulting effect on projections of mass loss. In this study, we adopt a model weighting scheme [...]
The role of information in shaping the emerging agricultural soil carbon market
Published: 2025-01-22
Subjects: Agriculture, Life Sciences
The agricultural soil carbon market that has emerged in recent years is widely regarded as a promising opportunity for farmers in the Global North and South, enabling them to generate carbon credits and derive a source of income from the adoption of alternative land management practices which contribute to climate change mitigation by increasing soil carbon sequestration and/or reducing [...]
Controls on Runoff Efficiency and its Spatiotemporal Variability in South Asian River Basins
Published: 2025-01-22
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Runoff efficiency (RE) represents the potential of a basin to generate runoff in response to precipitation and it varies based on climatology and physiography. It is a key metric that enables hydrologists to compare the hydrologic responses of basins across diverse climates and landscapes. In the large river basins of South Asia, RE plays a key role in floods and drought dynamics but has not been [...]
Simulating Seasonal Evolution of Subglacial Hydrology at a Surging Glacier in the Karakoram
Published: 2025-01-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology
Glacier motion, retreat, and glacier hazards such as surges and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are likely underpinned by subglacial hydrology. Recent advances in subglacial hydrological modeling allow us to shed light on subglacial processes that lead to changes in ice mass balance and GLOFs in High Mountain Asia (HMA). We present the first application of the SHAKTI subglacial hydrology [...]