Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Engineering
Attention-Based Deep Learning for Runoff Forecasting: Evaluating the Temporal Fusion Transformer Against Traditional Machine Learning Models
Published: 2025-11-20
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Reliable runoff forecasting is critical for water management and flood preparedness in Nepal’s steep, data-scarce catchments. Traditional models such as SWAT provide process insights but demand extensive calibration and detailed inputs often unavailable in such regions. Recent advances in attentionbased deep learning offer new opportunities to capture temporal dependencies with improved [...]
Thermal Power and Climate Change: A Data-Driven Analysis of Cause and Effect, 1800-2100
Published: 2025-11-20
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Since 2020, global politics have shifted sharply to the right—nowhere more visibly than in Europe and the United States. By 2024, this rightward turn in the U.S. culminated in open climate-change denial, the defunding of clean-energy initiatives, and a widespread rejection of scientific evidence. Major domestic and international institutions—NOAA, NASA, the U.S. Weather Bureau, EPA, USDA, FDA, [...]
Power play: A multi-criteria analysis of present and future battery technologies
Published: 2025-11-20
Subjects: Engineering
Developing an Open-access Telegram Bot for Automated, estimation and IA-based interpreted of OpenQuake Ground-Motion intensity measures
Published: 2025-11-13
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The prediction of Intensity Measures (IMs) using Ground-Motion Models (GMMs) is a fundamental component of seismic hazard assessment. However, the best estimation of IMs traditionally requires specialised searchers, programming expertise, and the manual sourcing of regression coefficients. This complexity creates a significant barrier to rapid, scenario-based analysis for engineers, researchers, [...]
Multi-Agent Geophysical AI Workflow for Automated Reservoir Characterization
Published: 2025-11-06
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computational Engineering, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geophysics and Seismology
Traditional geophysical workflows like reservoir characterization are driven in a collaborative manner where teams of geoscientists share their individual analyses to inform key decisions made by executives. However, these workflows are repetitive, time-consuming, prone to human error, and introduce subjective bias. While researchers have used automation to address these limitations via deep [...]
Emerging AI Solutions for Hazardous PET Waste in Marine Environments: A Review of Underexplored Paradigms
Published: 2025-11-05
Subjects: Engineering
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pollution, due to its persistence, chemical recalcitrance, and widespread usage, represents a growing hazard to marine ecosystems. Its accumulation contributes to long-term ecotoxicological risks, food chain contamination, and environmental degradation. Addressing this challenge necessitates the adoption of scalable, efficient, and intelligent strategies for [...]
HydroQuantum: A new quantum-driven Python package for hydrological simulation
Published: 2025-10-31
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Fallowed Heat Island: High surface temperature from fallowed agricultural lands increases nearby water demand and reduces crop yield.
Published: 2025-10-25
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Agricultural land fallowing is a practice of temporarily idling farmlands to maximize soil water storage, restore plant nutrients, and minimize soil erosion hazards. Despite the benefits of land fallowing, it remains unclear to what extent it affects nearby crop productivity. Here, we show that one such effect is through the fallowed heat island, a concept similar to urban heat island, whereby [...]
A Static Enthalpy Equilibrium Approach to the Stability of Saturated Sands (Version 2)
Published: 2025-10-25
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Construction Engineering and Management, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
This preprint presents a physical formulaton for the stability of saturated granular systems based on a static enthalpy equilibrium. The approach definnes equilibrium as the balance between the gravitationel potential of the granular framework and the hydraulic work of the pore water. From this energetic condition, the limit state and the transition between stable, metastable, and liquefied [...]
Aerial LiDAR Based, Source Resolved Methane Emissions Inventory: Permian Basin Case Study for Benchmarking U.S. Emissions
Published: 2025-10-24
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reducing methane emissions is one of the quickest ways to slow near-term warming, yet building accurate inventories to track progress towards reduction targets remains challenging. We present a 2024 source-resolved methane inventory for the Permian Basin built from quarterly aerial LiDAR scans that supports benchmarking and provides a scalable framework for operator-level OGMP 2.0 reporting. We [...]
Effects of cementation on the cyclic resistance of granular soils with presence of initial static shear stress
Published: 2025-10-23
Subjects: Engineering
In engineering applications such as non-invasive cementation beneath existing structures or naturally induced cementation around piles, cementation can develop in soils that have previously undergone initial static shear. However, the joint effect of cementation and initial static shear stress on subsequent cyclic loading behaviour remains largely uninvestigated, despite its crucial importance [...]
Climate as the Primary Moderator: Towards Context-Driven Design and Implementation of Vertical Greenery Systems for Stormwater Management
Published: 2025-10-23
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Urbanisation intensifies stormwater management challenges by expanding impervious surfaces, increasing flood risk and degrading water quality. Vertical Greenery Systems (VGS) are increasingly promoted as nature-based solutions for space-constrained cities, yet their performance remains highly variable and context-dependent. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines [...]
On radiocarbon near the epicenter of the 1908 Tunguska event
Published: 2025-10-23
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper is a continuation of a series of works, devoted to various aspects of the 1908 Tunguska event. A large number of hypotheses about its causes have already been put forward. However, so far none of them has received convincing evidence. Since the late 1950s, a large number of studies have been carried out in the area of the Tunguska event, including those related to radiocarbon [...]
Scalable and robust Gaussian processes for reanalysis of urban air temperature with crowdsourced meteorological data
Published: 2025-10-22
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Statistical Models
Crowdsourced air temperature data from networks like Weather Underground offer dense spatial coverage and are increasingly used to study the canopy urban heat island (CUHI) effect. However, these observations are noisy: siting conditions, environmental interference, and sensor failures introduce spatially and temporally varying bias. This complicates interpolation, limiting our ability to [...]
From Interface Dynamics to Darcy Scale Description of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media
Published: 2025-10-22
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An outstanding characteristic of porous media, desired in many applications, is the large surface area, which facilitates solid-fluid interactions, making porous media an extreme case in colloid and interface science. In two-fluid systems, wetting and the balance of capillary and viscous forces control fluid displacement processes, leading to a wide range of complex flow regimes with rich [...]