Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Engineering
Estimating bounds on coherent acceleration and velocity pulses from video-recorded rocking of vehicles in Caraballeda during the Mw 7.5 Venezuela earthquake
Published: 2026-11-15
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Structural Engineering, Tectonics and Structure
The lack of accelerograms in the heavily damaged coastal towns of La Guaira state north of Caracas to record the motions of the Mw7.5 earthquake motivate the present inverse analyses to estimate plausible ranges of coherent ground-velocity and acceleration pulse amplitudes at a particular coastal site. To this end, we utilize an exceptionally revealing video recorded by two CCTV stations during [...]
One-dimensional model equations for unsteady axisymmetric free-boundary potential flow in porous media
Published: 2026-11-15
Subjects: Analysis, Civil Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
This paper deals with the derivation of one-dimensional model equations for unsteady axisymmetric free-boundary potential flow in saturated, homogeneous and isotropic porous media. An approximation of the irrotational and solenoidal velocity field, obtained by means of a Picard iteration, is employed to derive a momentum equation accounting for vertical-flow effects. The model is completed by the [...]
GRIDWELL Atlas: a self-updating screen to find the abandoned oil and gas wells best placed to add Enhanced Geothermal System electricity to the U.S. grid
Published: 2026-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Natural Resource Economics, Natural Resources and Conservation, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Other Engineering, Power and Energy
Drilling is the largest single cost of geothermal electricity, and the United States already has about 4.1 million abandoned oil and gas wells. However, the potential of these wells for Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) has been screened at each well's own depth only for documented orphaned wells. Earlier screens treated orphaned wells as a separate population, although an orphaned well is an [...]
Comparative Hydrodynamic Simulation and Field-Based Validation of an Extreme Urban Flood Event in Southern Bali
Published: 2026-11-13
Subjects: Engineering
A severe rainstorm on 9–10 September 2025 inundated Denpasar City, Badung Regency, and Gianyar Regency in South Bali, causing 15 fatalities across 188 reported locations. This study simulates the event over 14 sub-catchments (1,146 km²) with HEC-RAS 2D and compares two rainfall inputs: a lumped upstream boundary hydrograph based on Snyder’s synthetic unit hydrograph (Method A) and watershed-scale [...]
SWOT Explorer: A browser extension for searching, previewing, clipping and quality-controlling SWOT satellite hydrology data
Published: 2026-11-13
Subjects: Education, Engineering
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite measures the elevation and extent of rivers, lakes and reservoirs worldwide. Its river and lake products are distributed as one continent-wide file per satellite pass, so studying a single water body means downloading, unzipping and clipping many files with scripts or GIS software. SWOT Explorer is an open-source extension for Chrome and [...]
Knowledge graph and dataset of global storms (1990–2023)
Published: 2026-11-12
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Medicine and Health Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
From 1990 to 2023, storms accounted for 45.3% of recorded disaster damage and 18.2% of disaster deaths. Yet impact records do not say how strong a storm was where it struck, who was exposed or why a value is missing. This knowledge graph and dataset cover storms of eleven subtypes recorded in the Emergency Events Database from 1990 to 2023, in 1,595 country-years and 3,492 storm- country records. [...]
Irrigation-driven land subsidence on the Barind Tract, northwest Bangladesh: two-track Sentinel-1 InSAR, GNSS-tied time series and spatially cross-validated explainable machine learning
Published: 2026-11-11
Subjects: Education, Engineering
The Barind Tract of northwest Bangladesh is the country’s most intensively groundwater-irrigated region, yet its ground motion has been measured only at isolated points. We processedascendinganddescendingSentinel-1small-baseline InSAR networks for 2017–2025, referenced them to a continuous GNSS station and converted line-of-sight rates to vertical velocity. In the ascending track, co herent land [...]
Drought Intelligence Explorer: a 45-year district-level dataset of ten drought indicators for India and an open analytical platform
Published: 2026-11-11
Subjects: Agriculture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography
Publicly available drought records for India rarely combine sub-national detail, multi-decadal coverage, several indicator families and a documented processing chain in one citable product. Here we present a monthly, district-level dataset of ten drought indicators covering all of India from January 1981 to December 2025, together with the open, browser-based platform that serves it. Four of the [...]
GeoPFN: subsecond geological field reconstruction with constrained uncertainty maps
Published: 2026-11-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Characterising spatially variable geological fields from sparse, noisy measurements remains challenging, particularly where abrupt geological contacts occur between sensors. This study presents GeoPFN, a prior-data fitted network that reconstructs clean hydraulic conductivity and pointwise predictive uncertainty from readings on irregular sensor layouts and a supplied noise level in less than a [...]
A Thermodynamic Framework for Quantifying Firn Thermal Evolution: Cold Content Depletion, Energy Barrier Reduction and Thermal Commitment of Austfonna Ice Cap, Svalbard (2009-2022)
Published: 2026-11-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Svalbard is warming several times faster than the global mean, yet most glaciological studies characterise firn thermal change through temperature trends alone rather than the underlying thermodynamic state. This study develops a linked diagnostic framework, cold content (CCcol), energy barrier (EBrelative), advective Péclet number (Peadv), and thermal relaxation time (τ) and applies it to a [...]
Global news reports reveal the human dimensions of water scarcity
Published: 2026-11-05
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Water scarcity has conventionally been estimated using hydrologic models that quantify pressure on water resources. Yet hydrologic stress does not necessarily translate into water shortages, as human adaptation can buffer physical constraints while infrastructure and institutional failures can create scarcity even where water is abundant. Here, we use large language models to identify news [...]
Instantaneous State InSAR: Smoothness Doublet and Ambiguity Resolution
Published: 2026-11-03
Subjects: Engineering
Instantaneous state InSAR (ISI) enables epoch-wise parameterization, estimation and prediction for the dynamic motion of individual scatterers in near real-time displacement monitoring. Yet, it introduces a coupling problem: the state prediction (time-update) and the integer ambiguity resolution of double difference phase (measurement-update) depend on each other in a recursive loop. An [...]
Advances in UAV-Based Methane Emission Monitoring: Sensors, Sampling Geometry, and Quantification
Published: 2026-10-30
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are one key platforms for monitoring methane due to their flexible deployment with spatial scales between ground-based sensors and crewed aircraft This review synthesises research on UAV sensing technologies, flight and sampling strategies, quantification methods, and validation practices. It finds that quantitative performance depends on the combined choice of [...]
Conditional Benefits of Point-Level UAV LiDAR--Multispectral Fusion for 3D Vegetation Classification
Published: 2026-10-30
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Monitoring
Multisensor remote-sensing fusion combines complementary measurements of landscape structure and surface reflectance, but adding a second modality does not necessarily produce uniform classification gains. This study evaluates point-level data fusion of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) LiDAR and multispectral imagery within a three-dimensional (3D) point-cloud representation. Tree--shrub [...]
Treatment of Contaminated Water from the Oil Industry Using Electrocoagulation: A Bibliometric Analysis
Published: 2026-10-29
Subjects: Engineering
This review article presents a bibliometric analysis aimed at examining recent advances in the treatment of contaminated water from the oil industry using electrocoagulation (EC), evaluating the operational parameters that influence removal efficiency. A bibliometric analysis and a systematic review were conducted on 80 experimental articles (2021–2026) retrieved from Scopus. VOSviewer (threshold [...]