Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Geophysics and Seismology
On the Origin of Directional Variability in Earthquake Response Spectra: A Stochastic Covariance Framework
Published: 2026-03-22
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geophysics and Seismology
Directional variability of horizontal earthquake response spectra is commonly described using rotation-based measures such as RotD50 and RotD100, yet its physical and statistical origin remains unclear. This study shows that directional anisotropy arises fundamentally from finite-sample fluctuations of the covariance matrix of filtered ground-motion response. Even under perfectly isotropic [...]
Bimodal seismic-aseismic behavior of a weakly coupled megathrust segment revealed by kinematic analysis of a seismic swarm and slow slip event offshore Copiapó, Chile
Published: 2026-03-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A seismic swarm occurred in Chile in 2023, in a region well known for hosting this type of seismicity, the Atacama region, and more precisely within the low coupling zone of Barranquilla. It started on August 26th and lasts about 6~weeks, ending early October. Thanks to our high-density small-scale GNSS network, we recorded the spatio-temporal evolution of surface deformation generated by a slow [...]
Comprehensive Inventory of Coseismic Landslides Triggered by the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes, Türkiye
Published: 2026-03-19
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology
We provide two geospatial inventories covering ~80,000 km² in southern Türkiye for the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence: (i) a coseismic landslide polygon inventory including 20,270 landslides and (ii) a pre-earthquake geomorphic inventory of pre-existing slope instability including 4,495 landslide polygons. Coseismic landslides were mapped by systematic expert visual [...]
Non-peer reviewed Report submitted to Seismica: Correlation of DAS Strain Data and Oceanographic Variables in the North-East Atlantic
Published: 2026-03-17
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Oceanography
DAS recordings close to the coast are influenced by pressure signals from land- and seaward ocean surface gravity waves. The amplitude and period of the signal can serve as proxies for the sea state. Measurements along the cable at greater water depths show secondary microseisms related to the sea state away from the shore. The significant wave height (SWH) and ocean currents along the cable can [...]
Leveraging synthetic data for deep learning denoising and prediction of measured earthquake waveforms
Published: 2026-03-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Single-station recordings of teleseismic earthquakes are inherently complex due to the superposition of numerous seismic phases and their contamination with noise, which can be particularly problematic in urban environments. A detailed knowledge of the wavefield generated by teleseismic earthquakes is critical for high-precision research facilities like those involved in photon science or gravity [...]
Frictional weakening in the highly mobile 2025 Blatten (Switzerland) rock–ice avalanche
Published: 2026-03-17
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Dynamics and Dynamical Systems, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Multivariate Analysis, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Planetary Geomorphology, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Risk Analysis
Cascading slope failures in alpine environments are intensifying as glaciers retreat and slope stability adjusts to a warming climate. Yet, the mechanisms governing such large, rapidly evolving events remain poorly understood. The 28 May 2025 rock–ice avalanche from Birch Glacier, Switzerland ($\approx9.3\times10^{6}~\mathrm{m^3}$), which devastated part of the village of Blatten, provides a [...]
Magnetic dual-layer equivalent sources on the sphere
Published: 2026-03-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The equivalent source method is widely used for processing and interpolating magnetic data, particularly in airborne surveys. However, implementations based on Cartesian coordinates present limitations at regional and global scales, where Earth curvature introduces geometric inconsistencies that affect data integration and modeling accuracy. To address this problem, this study proposes an [...]
Along-strike coupling heterogeneity in Cascadia’s slow-slip zone constrained by GNSS and reduced-order rate-and-state friction modeling
Published: 2026-03-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Slow slip events (SSEs) in the Cascadia subduction zone exhibit along-strike segmentation, where the central segment has longer recurrence intervals but smaller moments. We quantify the controls on this variability by combining geodetic inter-SSE coupling inversion with Bayesian inference of a quasi-dynamic rate-and-state friction SSE-cycle model accelerated by reduced-order modeling. We find [...]
Time-dependent forecast of large earthquakes from physics-informed probabilistic approach
Published: 2026-03-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The elastic energy that fuels large earthquakes accumulates heterogeneously along faults, resulting in complex earthquake occurrence patterns. Although earthquake cycle simulations help capture such complexity in seismic hazard models, their high computational cost prevents widespread use and uncertainty quantification. Here, we propose a physics-based probabilistic method to forecast the timing [...]
Characterization of the Kinematics of the Cordillera Blanca Normal Fault from InSAR
Published: 2026-03-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The Cordillera Blanca Normal fault (CBNF), located along the western margin of the Cordillera Blanca batholith in northern Peru, is a major extensional structure of the central Andes. Geological and geomorphological evidence indicates sustained slip over the past ~4 Ma, yet its present-day kinematics have not been quantified geodetically. Here, we use Sentinel-1 InSAR (Interferometric [...]
Cube2sph-GPU: A GPU accelerated toolkit enabling flexible continental-scale regional and teleseismic full waveform inversion
Published: 2026-03-04
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present Cube2sph-GPU, a GPU-accelerated framework for continental-scale regional and teleseismic full-waveform inversion (FWI). Building upon the capabilities of SPECFEM3D_Cartesian, the toolkit introduces: (1) a flexible hybrid simulation scheme for tele-seismic simulations; (2) curvilinear C-PML; (3) spherical PDE-based kernel smoothing; and (4) highly optimized GPU kernels and I/O [...]
QM1D: A 1D model of shear attenuation in the mantle from differential body waves
Published: 2026-03-03
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
SpecFWAT: Specfem3D-based Full-waveform Adjoint Tomography Package for High-resolution Lithospheric Imaging
Published: 2026-02-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
We present SpecFWAT, a high-performance, open-source software package designed for full-waveform adjoint tomography at the lithospheric scale using multiple data types. Building upon the spectral-element forward solver SPECFEM3D, SpecFWAT introduces a modernized inversion framework featuring an object-oriented Fortran design and a CMake-based build environment. To enhance usability and [...]
EQ-INSAR: A Python Package for Generating Synthetic Earthquake InSAR Deformation Data
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Remote Sensing
EQ-INSAR is an open-source Python package for generating synthetic Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) surface deformation data from earthquake sources. The package implements the Davis (1986) point source model to compute three component ground displacement from double-couple earthquake mechanisms. Then it projects the displacement onto satellite line-of-sight (LOS) geometries to [...]
Seismic Efficiency during Volcanic Unrest: Insights from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull Eruption
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Volcanology
Identifying patterns in precursory signals may aid forecasting over month to year timescales. Here we examine the relationship between seismicity and ground deformation during unrest prior to the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. We find that the ratio between seismic moment and horizontal GPS ground displacement is constant within two distinct phases, but with a step increase from one to the [...]