Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Other Earth Sciences
Redefining Uncertainty: A Complete Bayesian Workflow for Ocean Color Remote Sensing
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Marine Biology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences
Traditional satellite ocean color algorithms for chlorophyll-a and inherent optical property retrieval rely on deterministic regression models that typically produce single-point predictions without explicit uncertainty quantification. The absence of uncertainty awareness undermines in-situ/model match-ups, reduces predictive reliability, and ultimately erodes user confidence. In the present [...]
Two decades of land cover changes in the Colombian Andes
Published: 2025-08-27
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Other Earth Sciences
The Colombian Andes faces severe anthropogenic pressures from deforestation, agricultural expansion, mining, and urban development. Given its status as one of the world’s biodiversity hotspot, land cover monitoring for effective conservation strategies and sustainable development planning is essential. While early research relied on coarse or medium-resolution satellite imagery for limited [...]
Updated Trajectory and Spectral Insights into 3I/ATLAS: A Definitive Case for Natural Astrogeological Origins
Published: 2025-08-25
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Earth Sciences, Geology, Other Astrophysics and Astronomy, Other Earth Sciences, Planetary Geology, Planetary Sciences, Planetary Sedimentology, The Sun and the Solar System
As seen in the most recent August 2025 Hubble imagery, the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS makes a strong case for its natural astrogeological origins, which is consistent with my previously published hypothesis that it is a lithified clastic fragment from an exoplanetary sedimentary basin. With an eccentricity of ~1.2 and an inclination of ~44°, refined trajectory data confirms a gravitational [...]
Exploration of Gold, Copper, Magnetite, Hematite, Manganese, Magnesium, Chromite, Antimony, Bauxite, Industrial soils, Nickel, Cobalt, Lead, Lithium minerals using Landsat8 satellite
Published: 2025-07-31
Subjects: Environmental Education, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Monitoring, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics, Natural Resource Economics, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences
In this study, we provided an accurate and complete method for exploration and analysis of Gold, Copper, Magnetite, Hematite, Manganese, Magnesium, Chromite, Antimony, Bauxite, Industrial soils, Nickel, Cobalt, Lead and Lithium minerals in the desired area. Mineral exploration can be done using the seven bands from Landsat8 satellite images, through combination of different maps, a specific color [...]
A Comprehensive Assessment of the FireCCILT11 Global Burned Area Product
Published: 2025-06-27
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
Spatiotemporal dynamics of floodplain patterns during the last 400 years south of Leipzig - A regional scale analysis
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Elster-Pleiße floodplain south of Leipzig has undergone significant hydromorphological changes over the past centuries, influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. This study employs high-resolution LiDAR-based fluvial-geomorphological mapping (1x1 m resolution) and old maps analyses to reconstruct past river dynamics and identify shifts in channel morphology. [...]
Coral microatoll partial mortality after multi-hour subaerial exposure: Implications for relative sea-level studies
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Geomorphology, Marine Biology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Some intertidal corals, known as microatolls, have a distinct morphology that reflects changes in local relative sea level. While past observations have shown that the top surface of these corals may be killed by subaerial exposure, little is known about the exact oceanographic or environmental conditions that cause a coral to die down to a particular level. Here, we combine field surveys, [...]
Human Intelligence Forming in the Rhythm of Solar Activity
Published: 2025-05-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biology, Earth Sciences, Neuroscience and Neurobiology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Planetary Sciences, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
This study relates to environmental biology and examines a possible link between atmospheric radiation ecology, modulated by space weather, and human cognitive development by analyzing correlations of solar activity phenomena with various indicators of intellectual potential. A novel metric, the Proton Flare Index (PFI), is introduced to quantify the influence of high-energy solar proton events [...]
Enhancing the Normalized Difference Water Index for Improved Urban Flood Detection
Published: 2025-03-21
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Geographic Information Sciences, Hydrology, Natural Resource Economics, Other Earth Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Accurate urban flood detection is crucial for effective disaster management and urban planning. Traditional indices like the Normalized Difference Water Index and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index often produce inaccurate results due to spectral confusion in urban areas and sensitivity to shadows. Moreover, MNDWI's reliance on the Shortwave Infrared band limits its use with certain [...]
Origin of the Harappan Ernestites: Geochemical Insights into Provenance and Fabrication
Published: 2025-03-17
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Other Earth Sciences
Advancements in stone bead technology, particularly in drilling techniques, emerged during the Indus Valley (Harappan) civilization. Long-constricted cylindrical drill bits, made from a unique stone called Ernestite, were a distinctive feature of this culture. The origin of Ernestite is a mystery due to the lack of a natural analogue and an unknown manufacturing process. This study presents a [...]
A New Interpretation of Ptolemy's Germania Magna: Employing Computer-Assisted Image Distortion of a Medieval Map by Donnus Nicolaus Germanus to Examine Post-Glacial Geodynamics in Europe
Published: 2025-02-02
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Nature and Society Relations, Other Astrophysics and Astronomy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Geography, Other Planetary Sciences, Planetary Geology, Planetary Geomorphology, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, The Sun and the Solar System
This paper revisits Claudius Ptolemy's depiction of Germania Magna through a multidisciplinary approach, integrating computer-aided distortion analysis of Donnus Nicolaus Germanus's medieval cartography with geological insights. The study proposes that the region underwent significant and complex transformations, likely influenced by tectonic activity, such as the reactivation of the Caledonian [...]
Widely variable granite production from a restitic metasedimentary terrane by volatile redistribution
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Other Earth Sciences
The amount of melt extracted from a metasedimentary source is a major parameter in quantitative models of crustal processes; however, quantification of melt volume is thwarted by the heterogeneity of the crust and a lack of estimates concerning the amount of fluid present. We observe that highly systematic trends in metasedimentary rocks allow treatment of protoliths as two component mixtures, [...]
On the assessment of sinking particle fluxes from in situ particle size distributions
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences
The biological carbon pump plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, particularly through sinking particles carrying carbon to deep waters. The Underwater Vision Profilers (UVP) is widely used for studying particle properties. UVP-based particulate organic carbon (POC) flux is typically derived from particle size distributions (PSDs) assuming size dependent sinking rates and carbon [...]
Al Hawi, a 4-km-wide impact structure in northern Saudi Arabia
Published: 2024-09-23
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Planetary Geology, Planetary Sciences, The Sun and the Solar System
The northern region of Saudi Arabia hosts several impact craters and structures. This paper describes the discovery of a 4-km-wide complex impact structure located in the paleozoic sedimentary rocks of northern Saudi Arabia 210 kilometers north east of the city of Tabuk. The impact structure is composed of a central peak displaying intense folding and shock metamorphism surrounded by an inner [...]
Heatwaves and Hostilities - Can rising temperatures lead to lasting peace?
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering, Earth Sciences, Environmental Public Health, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, International and Area Studies, Nature and Society Relations, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences
In this paper, we are going to explore the complex relationship between climate change and global peace. Climate change and wars have a reciprocal relationship. As the war fuels climate change, the latter can catalyze the war too. Through the analysis of the ongoing conflicts across the world, recent technological advancements, and the globalized nature of the world, we will review different [...]