Filtering by Subject: Geomorphology
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology
This research utilises Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s unpublished November 1860 Folio of survey data from the first major terrestrial topographical and geological survey in New Zealand. The Folio data enable the reconstruction of the survey across the North Island to Lake Rotomahana, with unique bearings to the lost Pink and White Terraces. Originally prepared for the purposes of cartographic [...]
Published: 2023-03-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
The Messina Strait is a narrow fault-bounded marine basin that separates the Calabrian peninsula from Sicily in southern Italy. It sits in a seismically active region where normal fault scarps and raised Quaternary marine terraces record ongoing extension driven by southeastward rollback of the Calabrian subduction zone. A review of published studies and new data shows that normal faults in the [...]
Published: 2023-02-25
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Geographic Information Sciences, Geomorphology, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Sustainability
Over recent decades, seaports around the world have been expanding seaward through land reclamation at a scale and pace that geospatial analysis of global satellite imagery is now revealing. Understanding patterns of seaport growth is necessary to accurately estimate risk to seaport infrastructure from future coastal hazards. What the global trend in seaport expansion may mean for climate [...]
Published: 2023-02-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology
At the interface between the continental and oceanic domains, estuaries are essential components of the land-ocean aquatic continuum that play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, as they transform and export large amounts of carbon and nutrients from rivers to coastal waters. Because of this intense biogeochemical processing, they are significant ecosystems in terms of greenhouse gas [...]
Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Sedimentology
Dense shelf water cascades (DSWC) are ubiquitous on continental margins worldwide. They could transform into turbidity currents, shape the seabed physiography, and influence sediment, organic carbon, and pollutants that transfer from the shelf to the basin floor. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how DSWC transforms into turbidity currents, and how DSWC interacts with the [...]
Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences
Strong earthquakes are not only able to change the earth's surface processes by triggering a large population of coseismic landslides but also by influencing hillslope deformation rates in post-seismic periods. An increase in post-seismic hillslope deformation rates could also be linked to a change in post-seismic landslide hazard level and, thus, could be exploited to better assess post-seismic [...]
Published: 2023-01-20
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Meteorology
High spatiotemporal resolution satellite data have been available to provide rainfall estimates with global coverage and relatively short latency. On the other hand, a rain gauge measures the actual rain that falls to the surface, but its network density is commonly sparse, particularly those that record at sub-daily records. These datasets are extensively used to define rainfall thresholds for [...]
Published: 2023-01-17
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science, Statistical Models, Statistics and Probability
Ground motion simulations solve wave equations in space and time, thus producing detailed estimates of the shaking time series. This is essentially uncharted territory for geomorphologists, for we have yet to understand which ground motion (synthetic or not) parameter, or combination of parameters, is more suitable to explain the coseismic landslide distribution. To address this gap, we developed [...]
Published: 2023-01-10
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Climate, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography, Sedimentology, Statistical Models
Given the current context of climate change and the increasing population densities at coastal zones around the globe, there is an increasing need to be able to predict the development of our coasts. Recent advances in artificial intelligence allow for automatic analysis of observational data. Symbolic Regression (SR) is a type of Machine Learning algorithm that aims to find interpretable [...]
Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology
Mountainous landscapes affected by strong earthquakes exhibit relatively higher landslide susceptibility in post-seismic periods compared to pre-seismic conditions. This concept is referred to as the earthquake legacy effect and is mainly examined by monitoring either rapid landslide occurrences or slow-moving landslides over time. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the concept, [...]
Published: 2022-12-13
Subjects: Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
The long-term development of ancient and modern coastal distributary distributive fluvial systems (DFSs) during periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall usually drives net-progradation of shorelines. Such systems often develop in periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall and typically record annual to millennial-scale deviations in coastal trajectories. A new continental dataset [...]
Published: 2022-12-05
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
Co-seismic landslides are triggered by strong ground shaking in mountainous areas, resulting in threats to human activity and infrastructure. Methods for physically-based modelling of co-seismic landslide triggering play an important role in disaster prevention and mitigation. Current approaches, however, focus on direct and full failure of sloping rocks and soils, and do not cover the dynamics [...]
Published: 2022-12-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Sedimentology
Drainage of meltwater beneath an ice sheet influences ice-flow dynamics. To better predict ice sheet behaviour, it is crucial to understand subglacial hydrological processes. Subglacial lakes are important components of the subglacial hydrological system, with many observed and predicted at the beds of contemporary and palaeo-ice sheets. The technical and logistical challenges of studying [...]
Published: 2022-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Harrat Rahat is the largest volcanic eld in Saudi Arabia and has been active from ~10 Ma to the present day. Due to its close proximity to important population centres, Harrat Rahat's recent eruptions, the Medinah lava flows (< 1.7 Ma), have been extensively studied to identify volcanic risk. However, the evolution of Harrat Rahat's most extensive and oldest lava flows, known collectively as the [...]
Published: 2022-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Sustainability, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology, Water Resource Management
Mountain rivers are typically seen as relatively pristine ecosystems, supporting numerous goods (e.g., water resources) for human populations living not only in the mountain regions but also downstream from them. Recent evidence suggests, however, that mountain river valleys in populated areas can be substantially polluted by macroplastic (plastic item > 5 mm). It is, however, unknown how [...]