Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Geomorphology

Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s November 1860 Folio of New Zealand survey data and the location of the Pink and White Terraces

Rex Bunn, Dr Sascha Nolden

Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology

This research utilises Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s unpublished November 1860 Folio of survey data from the first major terrestrial topographical and geological survey in New Zealand. The Folio data enable the reconstruction of the survey across the North Island to Lake Rotomahana, with unique bearings to the lost Pink and White Terraces. Originally prepared for the purposes of cartographic [...]

Structure and Morphology of an Active Conjugate Relay Zone, Messina Strait, Southern Italy

Rebecca Dorsey, Sergio Longhitano, Domenico Chiarella

Published: 2023-03-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure

The Messina Strait is a narrow fault-bounded marine basin that separates the Calabrian peninsula from Sicily in southern Italy. It sits in a seismically active region where normal fault scarps and raised Quaternary marine terraces record ongoing extension driven by southeastward rollback of the Calabrian subduction zone. A review of published studies and new data shows that normal faults in the [...]

Rapid seaward expansion of seaport footprints worldwide

Dhritiraj Sengupta, Eli Lazarus

Published: 2023-02-25
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Geographic Information Sciences, Geomorphology, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Sustainability

Over recent decades, seaports around the world have been expanding seaward through land reclamation at a scale and pace that geospatial analysis of global satellite imagery is now revealing. Understanding patterns of seaport growth is necessary to accurately estimate risk to seaport infrastructure from future coastal hazards. What the global trend in seaport expansion may mean for climate [...]

Extrapolation based regionalized re-evaluation of the global estuarine surface area

Goulven Gildas Laruelle, Judith A. Rosentreter, Pierre Regnier

Published: 2023-02-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology

At the interface between the continental and oceanic domains, estuaries are essential components of the land-ocean aquatic continuum that play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, as they transform and export large amounts of carbon and nutrients from rivers to coastal waters. Because of this intense biogeochemical processing, they are significant ecosystems in terms of greenhouse gas [...]

Transformation of dense shelf water cascade to supercritical turbidity currents: Impact on seabed geomorphology and implication for climate change

Nan Wu, Fa Guang Zhong, Yakup Niyazi, et al.

Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Sedimentology

Dense shelf water cascades (DSWC) are ubiquitous on continental margins worldwide. They could transform into turbidity currents, shape the seabed physiography, and influence sediment, organic carbon, and pollutants that transfer from the shelf to the basin floor. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how DSWC transforms into turbidity currents, and how DSWC interacts with the [...]

Revealing the hillslope response to earthquake legacy effect using time series InSAR

Nitheshnirmal Sadhasivam, Ling Chang, Hakan Tanyas

Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences

Strong earthquakes are not only able to change the earth's surface processes by triggering a large population of coseismic landslides but also by influencing hillslope deformation rates in post-seismic periods. An increase in post-seismic hillslope deformation rates could also be linked to a change in post-seismic landslide hazard level and, thus, could be exploited to better assess post-seismic [...]

Dynamic rainfall thresholds for landslide early warning in Progo Catchment, Java, Indonesia

Ratna Satyaningsih, Victor Jetten, Janneke Ettema, et al.

Published: 2023-01-20
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Meteorology

High spatiotemporal resolution satellite data have been available to provide rainfall estimates with global coverage and relatively short latency. On the other hand, a rain gauge measures the actual rain that falls to the surface, but its network density is commonly sparse, particularly those that record at sub-daily records. These datasets are extensively used to define rainfall thresholds for [...]

From ground motion simulations to landslide occurrence prediction

Ashok Dahal, David Alejandro Casto Cruz, Hakan Tanyas, et al.

Published: 2023-01-17
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science, Statistical Models, Statistics and Probability

Ground motion simulations solve wave equations in space and time, thus producing detailed estimates of the shaking time series. This is essentially uncharted territory for geomorphologists, for we have yet to understand which ground motion (synthetic or not) parameter, or combination of parameters, is more suitable to explain the coseismic landslide distribution. To address this gap, we developed [...]

Improving Shoreline Forecasting Models with Multi-Objective Genetic Programming

Mahmoud Al Najar, Rafael Almar, Erwin W. J. Bergsma, et al.

Published: 2023-01-10
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Climate, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography, Sedimentology, Statistical Models

Given the current context of climate change and the increasing population densities at coastal zones around the globe, there is an increasing need to be able to predict the development of our coasts. Recent advances in artificial intelligence allow for automatic analysis of observational data. Symbolic Regression (SR) is a type of Machine Learning algorithm that aims to find interpretable [...]

Hillslope recovery after a major earthquake: InSAR-derived time series analyses to capture earthquake-legacy effect

Kun He, Luigi Lombardo, Ling Chang, et al.

Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology

Mountainous landscapes affected by strong earthquakes exhibit relatively higher landslide susceptibility in post-seismic periods compared to pre-seismic conditions. This concept is referred to as the earthquake legacy effect and is mainly examined by monitoring either rapid landslide occurrences or slow-moving landslides over time. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the concept, [...]

Use of remote-sensing to quantify the distribution of progradation/erosion along a forced-regressive modern coastline: driving factors and impact on the stratigraphic record

Valentin Zuchuat, Miquel Poyatos-Moré, Bjorn Nyberg, et al.

Published: 2022-12-13
Subjects: Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy

The long-term development of ancient and modern coastal distributary distributive fluvial systems (DFSs) during periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall usually drives net-progradation of shorelines. Such systems often develop in periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall and typically record annual to millennial-scale deviations in coastal trajectories. A new continental dataset [...]

Modeling Earthquake-induced Landslide initiation using the Fibre Bundle Model

Yuanjing Chen, Bastian Van den Bout, Luigi Lombardo, et al.

Published: 2022-12-05
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology

Co-seismic landslides are triggered by strong ground shaking in mountainous areas, resulting in threats to human activity and infrastructure. Methods for physically-based modelling of co-seismic landslide triggering play an important role in disaster prevention and mitigation. Current approaches, however, focus on direct and full failure of sloping rocks and soils, and do not cover the dynamics [...]

An interconnected palaeo-subglacial lake system in the central Barents Sea

Mariana Esteves, Denise Christina Rüther, Monica C.W. Winsborrow, et al.

Published: 2022-12-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Sedimentology

Drainage of meltwater beneath an ice sheet influences ice-flow dynamics. To better predict ice sheet behaviour, it is crucial to understand subglacial hydrological processes. Subglacial lakes are important components of the subglacial hydrological system, with many observed and predicted at the beds of contemporary and palaeo-ice sheets. The technical and logistical challenges of studying [...]

Evolution of intraplate magmatism atop a mantle plume: geochemical and chronological analysis of Shawahit Basalt, Harrat Rahat, Saudi Arabia

Gareth G Roberts, Patrick Ball

Published: 2022-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology

Harrat Rahat is the largest volcanic  eld in Saudi Arabia and has been active from ~10 Ma to the present day. Due to its close proximity to important population centres, Harrat Rahat's recent eruptions, the Medinah lava flows (< 1.7 Ma), have been extensively studied to identify volcanic risk. However, the evolution of Harrat Rahat's most extensive and oldest lava flows, known collectively as the [...]

The unknown fate of macroplastic in mountain rivers

Maciej Liro, Tim van Emmerik, Anna Zielonka, et al.

Published: 2022-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Sustainability, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology, Water Resource Management

Mountain rivers are typically seen as relatively pristine ecosystems, supporting numerous goods (e.g., water resources) for human populations living not only in the mountain regions but also downstream from them. Recent evidence suggests, however, that mountain river valleys in populated areas can be substantially polluted by macroplastic (plastic item > 5 mm). It is, however, unknown how [...]

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