Preprints
Search for earthquake (555 results)
Foreshock Behaviors and Mainshock Rupture Properties Associated with the 2025 Mw 8.8 Kamchatka Earthquake Sequence
Published: 2025-11-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The July 29 2025 Mw 8.8 Kamchatka earthquake ruptured the plate interface off the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula along the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone. Following the mainshock, tsunamis were recorded in multiple countries along the Pacific Ocean boundary and its islands, along with the eruption of several volcanoes in Kamchatka. The mainshock was preceded by a strong foreshock sequence [...]
Retrospective Detection of Seismic Precursors Using Multi-Scale Energy Curvature
Published: 2025-11-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Energy curvature controls catastrophic failure in seismic systems. We show this through a self-normalizing logarithmic functional Fω = ω(t)² · log(1 + |ω(t)| / median(|ω|)), where ω is the second derivative of seismic energy release. When F stays bounded, the system remains stable. When F diverges, rupture becomes more probable. Our precursor detection method combines spectral analysis using [...]
Extremely Shallow Semi-Repeating Tremor Caused by Water Hammers in a Sewer Pipe in Social Circle, Georgia
Published: 2025-11-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Repeating earthquakes are mostly generated by small asperities that are loaded by continuous creep surrounding them, and their recurrence times are inversely proportional to the loading rates. However, sometimes anthropogenic activities can also produce repeated seismic shakings with shorter recurrence intervals, and their source mechanisms can vary. Here we investigated semi-repeating ground [...]
The slip distributions of the 1952 and 2025 Kamchatka earthquakes from tsunami waveforms recorded around the Pacific Ocean
Published: 2025-11-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The July 2025 Kamchatka earthquake (Mw 8.8) generated Pacific-wide tsunamis. Inversion of 40 DART bottom pressure records around the Pacific Ocean revealed a large (~ 9 m) slip at 200 – 400 km southwest of the epicenter, closely matching the USGS finite fault model based on teleseismic data. In this region, a similarly large megathrust earthquake (M ~ 9) occurred in 1952. The tsunami waveforms [...]
Temperature insensitive viscous deformation limits megathrust seismogenesis
Published: 2025-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics
Three models have been proposed to explain the downdip limit of the subduction seismogenic zone. The first is a temperature-controlled transition in rate-and-state frictional properties between 350–510°C, which inhibits earthquake nucleation. The second places the limit at the frictional and viscous failure envelope intersection. The third combines thermal and lithological controls, where 'warm' [...]
Rheological control on earthquake source kinematics and dynamics at the Hengill geothermal field
Published: 2025-11-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We analyze seismic source parameters of the induced earthquakes at the Hengill (Iceland) between 2018 and 202 to investigate rupture processes in a complex volcanic–geothermal setting. Our analysis reveals a source scaling relation that deviates from the commonly assumed M0 ∝ fc^-3. By combining stress tensor orientation, lithostatic and hydrostatic pressure, and frictional strength estimates, we [...]
DeepSubDAS: An Earthquake Phase Picker from Submarine Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data
Published: 2025-10-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Given the scarcity of seismometers in marine environments, traditional seismology has limited effectiveness in oceanic regions. Submarine Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) systems offer a promising alternative for seismic monitoring in these areas. However, the existing machine learning model trained on land-based DAS data does not perform well with submarine DAS due to differences in noise [...]
Intermittent supershear rupture punctuated by barrier-induced stopping phase during the 2025 Mw 7.8 Myanmar Earthquake: Evidence from near-fault strong motion observation
Published: 2025-10-24
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Supershear rupture has been investigated by many studies, yet its exact characteristics during natural earthquakes are not fully clear, due to the paucity of near-field constraints. Here we analyze the strong motion data recorded at a near-fault station during the 2025 Mw 7.8 Myanmar earthquake to estimate the detailed source process around that station. By comparing simulated velocity waveforms [...]
Assessing Volcanic Hazards and Financial Exposure: A Closer Look at Insurance Industry Preparedness
Published: 2025-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Volcanology
Within the insurance and reinsurance sectors, volcanoes and their secondary impacts are often an overlooked risk due to the long return periods associated with large explosive eruptions, and relatively low economic and insured losses from eruption events compared to other natural hazards such as large magnitude earthquakes. However, with continued population growth, globalisation and climate [...]
Seismic response analysis of corrugated steel wall under Earth load - Seismic Fault area far and near
Published: 2025-10-15
Subjects: Engineering
Abstract This study examines the seismic response of corrugated steel shear walls under land load-seismic seismic distant and near fault zone. Corrugated steel shear walls are used as an efficient lateral resistance system in earthquake-resistant structures due to their formability and high energy dissipation capacity. The use of corrugated steel sheets has several benefits, including increased [...]
Spatial and temporal variations in slip rate over millions of years on an extensional fault system: implications for seismic hazard
Published: 2025-10-14
Subjects: Tectonics and Structure
Slip rate is a key input for fault-based seismic hazard assessment, with temporal and spatial variations in slip rate along and between faults influencing earthquake size and recurrence. Temporal variations in slip rate have been attributed to earthquake clustering and anti-clustering in tectonically active settings. Here we explore the combined temporal and spatial assessment of slip rate [...]
Seismicity Migration from Fluid Injection: Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Models Illuminate Volume-Driven versus Pressure-Diffusion-Driven Migration
Published: 2025-10-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Mining Engineering
Fluid injection into the subsurface can induce seismicity by reactivating shear rupture, which typically produces larger earthquake magnitudes than tensile rupture. In laboratory shear rupture experiments, pressurization of the entire fault is often limited because large unconfined samples allow fluid to leak at free surfaces. In this study, we investigated shear fault reactivation by directly [...]
Do Coupled Megathrusts Rupture?
Published: 2025-09-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Megathrust earthquakes are among the most destructive and least predictable natural hazards. Kinematic geodetic coupling models, which identify regions of the plate interface where interseismic strain accumulates, are essential for seismic and tsunami hazard assessment. Yet their reliability remains debated: geodetic records are short, offshore resolution remains poor, and earthquake ruptures may [...]
SWOT Satellite Altimetry Observations and Source Model for the Tsunami from the 2025 M8.8 Kamchatka Earthquake
Published: 2025-09-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
On 29 July 2025 a Mw 8.8 earthquake struck off Kamchatka, Russia generating a Pacific-wide tsunami and marking the largest earthquake since the launch of the SWOT satellite in 2022. We analyze tsunami observations from SWOT together with three nearby DART buoys to resolve the source of the event. SWOT provided the first high-resolution spaceborne track of a great subduction-zone tsunami, [...]
Constraining On- and Off-Fault Nonlinear Dynamic Rupture Parameters via Hierarchical Bayesian Inversion for the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest Earthquake
Published: 2025-09-20
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
We present the first multilevel Bayesian inversion to quantify uncertainties and correlations among on- and off-fault dynamic rupture parameters for the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake. The inversion is constrained by multidisciplinary surface deformation data, including fault-parallel offsets from satellite imagery, high-rate GNSS time series, and static GNSS displacements, and is enabled by [...]