Preprints
Search for earthquake (474 results)
Statistical properties and modelled duration of an intracontinental earthquake sequence: 2021 Mw 5.9 Woods Point earthquake, Australia
Published: 2024-10-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We investigate the 2021 moment magnitude (Mw) 5.9 Woods Point earthquake aftershock sequence (WPAS) in Victoria, Australia. WPAS Gutenberg-Richter b-values range from 0.76 to 1.07 and depend upon the earthquake magnitude type used (Mw vs Ml) and minimum completeness magnitude (Mc). The WPAS Modified Omori’s law p-value of 0.83~0.84 suggests slower aftershock decay rates, while the modelled [...]
Multi-Phase Tectonic and Volcanic Evolution of a Nascent Backarc Rift: Impacts of Spreading Centre Reorientation, Subduction Reversals, Ridge Collisions, and Asymmetric Slab Rollback on the Northern New Hebrides Backarc
Published: 2024-10-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Intra-oceanic backarc are characterized by crustal accretion along seafloor spreading axes; however, little is known about the initial rifting of the over-riding plate prior to the establishment of stable seafloor spreading. To address this knowledge gap, we investigate the ~3.5 Ma backarc troughs in the New Hebrides Subduction Zone. Using available bathymetric data, we developed [...]
Controls of Dynamic and Static Stress Changes and Aseismic Slip on Delayed Earthquake Triggering in Rate-and-State Simulations of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dynamic earthquake triggering often involves a time delay relative to the peak stress perturbation. In this study, we investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for delayed triggering. We compute detailed spatiotemporal changes in dynamic and static Coulomb stresses at the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest mainshock hypocenter, induced by the Mw 5.4 foreshock, using 3D dynamic rupture models. The [...]
Synthetic Tests on Resolvability of Space-Time Rupture History With Isola
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
This study evaluates the limitations of the ISOLA software in estimating rupture velocity by using synthetic tests that mimic the 2023 Turkish Mw 7.8 earthquake. Two types of slip-distribution models, point-like and continuous, were used as input for synthetic seismogram generation, which were then inverted using ISOLA multiple-point-source (MPS) approach. Key parameters affecting the software [...]
The ANTICS Large-N Seismic Deployment in Albania
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Located within the active continental collision between Eurasia and the Adriatic microplate, Albania is an earthquake prone country with one of the highest seismic risk in Europe. This came into evidence when the MW=6.4 Durres earthquake hit the country in 2019, causing 51 fatalities and widespread damage to infrastructure. Despite this stark reminder, the seismotectonics of Albania remain poorly [...]
Unlocking DAS amplitude information through coherency coupling quantification
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) allows one to measure strain at metre-resolution along a fibreoptic cable, increasing spatial sampling of a seismic wavefield compared to conventional instrumentation. However, the challenge of measuring DAS-derived strain amplitude currently limits applications of this technology. Absolute amplitude measurements are required for estimating earthquake [...]
Coseismic slip and afterslip of the 2024 Hyuganada earthquake modulated by subducted seamount
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Subducted rough topography complicates seismic and aseismic slip behavior. The 2024 M 7.1 Hyuganada earthquake occurred along the megathrust with ridge subduction. We inferred coseismic slip and afterslip using geodetic displacements to observationally illustrate the role of subducted seamounts in modulating seismic and aseismic slip processes. The inferred mainshock was confined in the down-dip [...]
Groundwater use to reduce natural hazard susceptibilities and inequities in the metacrisis
Published: 2024-09-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Long-term thinking is broadly advocated for groundwater - the largest available freshwater resource that is essential for drinking water, irrigation and ecosystems around the world. Long-term thinking is crucial to support sustainability of this slowly renewed resource, but here we propose another crucial, novel and emerging approach for groundwater: short-term use over days and months during or [...]
3D wave propagation and earthquake dynamic rupture simulations in complex poroelastic media
Published: 2024-09-26
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Numerical simulations of earthquakes and seismic wave propagation require accurate material models of the solid Earth. In contrast to purely elastic rheology, poroelasticity accounts for pore fluid pressure and fluid flow in porous media. Poroelastic effects can alter both the seismic wave field and the dynamic rupture characteristics of earthquakes. For example, the presence of fluids may affect [...]
Regional Source-type Discrimination Using Nonlinear Alignment Algorithms
Published: 2024-09-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The discrimination problem in seismology aims to accurately classify different underground source types based on local, regional or teleseismic observations of ground motion. Typical discriminant approaches are rooted in fundamental, physics-based differences in radiation pattern or wave excitation, which can be frequency dependent and may not make use of the full waveform. In this paper, we [...]
Normal fault interactions in seismic cycles and the impact of fault network geometry
Published: 2024-09-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the mechanisms behind the characteristics of earthquake cycles on normal faults is challenging due to their long recurrence times. Despite their moderate magnitude, normal faulting earthquakes can produce considerable damage. We investigate the effects of fault network geometry and spacing on the seismic cycle of a system of two normal faults modelled with rate-and-state friction [...]
Comparative Analysis of Earthquake Detection Methods Using Deep Learning: Reproducibility and Uncertainty Assessment in EQTransformer
Published: 2024-09-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study evaluates the performance and reliability of earthquake detection using the EQTransformer, a novel AI program that is widely used in seismological observatories and research for enhancing earthquake catalogs. We test the EQTransformer capabilities and uncertainties using seismic data from the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica and compare two detection options: [...]
Evidence supporting a broader than previously thought influence of solar activity over Earth system’s processes. Discussion of a possible mechanism.
Published: 2024-09-08
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
In this article, I show lines of evidence supporting a modulation of volcanic activity and some weather phenomena by solar wind conditions in the near-Earth environment. On a daily timescale, a correlation is found between the LP earthquake activity of Kilauea volcano, related to magma transport, and the Bx component of the interplanetary magnetic field as measured in the OMNI database for [...]
A probabilistic model for coseismic vertical displacement hazard in coastal settings
Published: 2024-09-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Characterizing coastal multi-hazards in tectonically active regions requires considering possible coseismic vertical deformation. Coseismic uplift or subsidence can cause near-instantaneous meter-scale relative sea level changes that can exacerbate or reverse the effects of ongoing global sea-level rise. In this study, we developed a probabilistic model that forecasts coseismic vertical [...]
Were the Newdigate Earthquakes, Southern England, of 2018-2019 triggered by oil extraction?
Published: 2024-08-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The ability to attribute earthquakes to specific causes is challenging. The 2018-2019 earthquake swarm in Newdigate, Surrey, Southern England, coincides with local oil extraction at Horse Hill. Nevertheless, it remains debated whether these earthquakes were triggered by oil extraction or whether they were coincidental. Due to the onset of seismic activity before major oil extraction and the lack [...]