Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016355. This is version 4 of this Preprint.

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Authors

Stephanie Wollherr, Alice-Agnes Gabriel , Paul Martin Mai

Abstract

The 1992 $M_w$ 7.3 Landers earthquake is perhaps one of the best studied seismic events. However, many aspects of the dynamics of the rupture process are still puzzling, e.g. the rupture transfer between fault segments. We present 3D spontaneous dynamic rupture simulations, incorporating the interplay of fault geometry, topography, 3D rheology, off- fault plasticity and viscoelastic attenuation. Our preferred scenario reproduces a broad range of observations, including final slip distribution, shallow slip deficits and mapped off-fault deformation patterns. We demonstrate good agreement between synthetic and observed waveform characteristics and associated peak ground velocities. Despite very complex rupture evolution, ground motion variability is close to what is commonly as- sumed in Ground Motion Prediction Equations. We examine the effects of variations in modeling parameterization within a suite of scenarios including purely elastic setups and models neglecting viscoelastic attenuation. Source dynamics of all models include dynamic triggering over large distances and direct branching; rupture terminates spontaneously on most of the principal fault segments. Sustained dynamic rupture of all fault segments in general, and rupture transfers in particular, constrain amplitude and orientation of initial fault stresses and friction. We conclude that physically consistent in-scale earthquake rupture simulations can augment earthquake source observations towards improving the understanding of earthquake source physics of complex, segmented fault systems.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/kh6j9

Subjects

Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Keywords

earthquake, Ground Motion, dynamic rupture, 1992 Landers, ADER-DG, dynamic triggering, fault networks, SeisSol

Dates

Published: 2018-08-15 12:05

Last Updated: 2019-04-16 05:11

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License

GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1