This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01874-6. This is version 2 of this Preprint.
This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-021-01874-6. This is version 2 of this Preprint.
The physical and chemical properties of magma govern the eruptive style and behaviour of volcanoes. Many of these parameters are linked to the storage pressure and temperature of the erupted magma, and melt chemistry. However, reliable single-phase thermobarometers and chemometers which can recover this information, particularly using amphibole chemistry, remain elusive. We present a suite of single-phase amphibole and clinopyroxene thermobarometers and chemometers, calibrated using machine learning. This approach allows us to intimately track the range of pre-eruptive conditions over the course of a millennial eruptive cycle on an island arc volcano (Saint Kitts, Eastern Caribbean). We unpick the story of Mount Liamuiga, a stratovolcano that pops its upper-crustal (2 kbar), dacitic cork at the beginning of the Lower Mansion Series eruptive sequence. This permits a progressive increase in the thermal maturity of the magma arriving at the surface from the middle to upper crust (2 – 5.5 kbar) through time. The temperature increase correlates well with matrix plagioclase chemistry, which itself displays a remarkable progression to less evolved (more anorthitic) composition in time. We find that amphibole is a reliable themobarometer (SEE = 1.4 kbar; 40 ˚C), at odds with previous studies. We suggest it is the regression strategy, as opposed to the abject insensitivity to pressure, that has hindered previous calibrations of amphibole only thermobarometers. By recognising this, we have constructed a high-resolution, quantitative picture of the magma plumbing system beneath an arc volcano.
https://doi.org/10.31223/X5GD0W
Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Mineral Physics, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
stratigraphy, anorthite, single-phase, Mansion Series, compositional gap
Published: 2021-07-04 22:46
Last Updated: 2021-07-05 05:47
CC BY Attribution 4.0 International
Conflict of interest statement:
None
Data Availability (Reason not available):
Upon request to the author
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