Isotropic and Azimuthally Anisotropic Rayleigh Wave Dispersion Across the Juan de Fuca and Gorda Plates and U.S. Cascadia from Earthquake Data and Ambient Noise Two- and Three-Station Interferometry

This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab142. This is version 2 of this Preprint.

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Authors

Shane Zhang , Hongda Wang, Mengyu Wu, Michael H. Ritzwoller

Abstract

We use data from the Cascadia Initiative (CI) amphibious array and the USArray Transportable Array to construct and compare Rayleigh wave isotropic and azimuthally anisotropic phase speed maps across the Juan de Fuca and Gorda Plates extending onto the continental north- western United States. Results from both earthquakes (28–80 s) as well as ambient noise two- and three-station interferometry (10–40 s) are produced. Compared with two-station interferometry, three-station direct wave interferometry provides >50 per cent improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio and the number of dispersion measurements obtained, particularly in the noisier oceanic environment. Earthquake and ambient noise results are complementary in bandwidth and azimuthal coverage, and agree within about twice the estimated uncertainties of each method. We, therefore, combine measurements from the different methods to produce composite results that provide an improved data set in accuracy, resolution and spatial and azimuthal coverage over each individual method. A great variety of both isotropic and azimuthally anisotropic structures are resolved. Across the oceanic plate, fast directions of anisotropy with 180◦ periodicity (2ψ) generally align with palaeo-spreading directions while 2ψ amplitudes mostly increase with lithospheric age, both displaying substantial variations with depth and age. Strong (>3 per cent) apparent anisotropy with 360◦ periodicity (1ψ) is observed at long periods (>50 s) surrounding the Cascade Range, probably caused by backscattering from heterogeneous isotropic structures.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/p4mnb

Subjects

Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics

Keywords

seismic noise, Seismic interferometry, Seismic tomography, Structure of the Earth, Surface waves and free oscillations, Seismic anisotropy

Dates

Published: 2020-08-08 12:24

Last Updated: 2021-05-26 10:28

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License

CC BY Attribution 4.0 International