Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho , Iwan Pramesti Anwar, Gisma Aminurah Firdaus, Dasapta Erwin Irawan, Rubiyanto Kapid

This study employs the cGENIE Earth System Model to investigate the effects of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and Indonesian Archipelago (IA) closure on global meridional thermohaline circulation (THC). Over a simulated period of 10,000 years, the analysis centers on critical variables, including surface density, vertical density profiles, global overturning circulation, and ocean ventilation age. The results reveal nuanced, non-statistically significant changes, emphasizing the regional influence of the ITF. Specifically, surface density anomalies manifest post-IA closure, notably in southern Mindanao and eastern Australia. Concurrently, anomalies in global overturning circulation indicate reduced vertical transport intensities in the Southern Ocean.

While cGENIE offers valuable insights, its limitations underscore the necessity for incorporating more complex climate models. This acknowledgment underscores the ongoing imperative to refine Earth System Models for a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions that shape global ocean dynamics and climate.