Polar feedbacks in clearsky radiative-advective equilibrium from an air-mass transformation perspective

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Authors

Rodrigo Caballero, Timothy M Merlis 

Abstract

We develop a novel single-column model of clear-sky radiative-advective
  equilibrium where advective heating is internally determined by relaxing the column
  temperature and humidity toward fixed midlatitude profiles, consistent with an
  air-mass transformation perspective. The model reproduces observed polar temperature
  and advective heating rate profiles, and also captures many of the climate-change
  responses found in climate models. Exploring the model's physics, we show that the
  surface-based temperature inversion develops by ceding energy downwards to the
  surface, which then radiates this energy to space; we name this the ``surface radiator
  fin'' effect.  We use the model to address three outstanding questions regarding polar
  climate change: (i) What mechanisms control polar lapse-rate change? (ii) What
  determines the known compensation between changes in dry and moist energy transport?
  and (iii) What is the most physically consistent way to decompose forcing and
  feedbacks at the poles? Within the model, the answers to these questions are: (i)
  Three mechanisms control the lapse-rate response to warming: weakening of the surface
  radiator fin, increased radiative cooling by free-tropospheric water vapor emission,
  and relaxation toward the external profile anomaly; all three increase the lapse rate
  as climate warms. (ii) Compensation between dry and moist advective heating results
  from a delicate balance between changes in the boundary layer and the free
  troposphere, with no constraints imposing precise compensation. (iii) Remote advective
  influence on the poles should be considered a forcing, while lapse-rate and advective
  heating changes jointly contribute to the temperature feedback.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31223/X5F69X

Subjects

Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Keywords

Dates

Published: 2024-01-12 07:52

Last Updated: 2024-10-16 20:20

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