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Spatial Analysis of Lead (Pb) Contamination in Soils of the Savar Industrial Zone, Bangladesh Using QGIS-Based Interpolation
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Abstract
Lead (Pb) contamination poses significant environmental and public health risks in industrial regions. This study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the spatial distribution of Pb in soils across the Savar industrial zone, Bangladesh—an area characterized by dense industrial activity, including tanneries, textile mills, and metal-processing plants. Using point data from ten geo-referenced sampling sites, Pb concentrations ranged from 35.6 to 46.0 mg/kg, with a mean of 41.15 mg/kg and standard deviation of 3.53 mg/kg. Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation in QGIS was used to create a continuous raster surface of Pb concentrations, revealing notable spatial heterogeneity. High-concentration hotspots (>43 mg/kg) were observed predominantly in the northeastern and central sub-regions, coinciding with mapped industrial clusters. The most contaminated zone (Site 10: 46.0 mg/kg) lies within 500 meters of major manufacturing units, while the lowest (Site 1: 35.6 mg/kg) is situated near peri-urban green space. The resulting contamination map emphasizes localized risk zones and informs targeted remediation efforts. These findings highlight the utility of GIS-based interpolation for environmental risk assessment and land use planning in rapidly urbanizing industrial corridors.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.31223/X51M9B
Subjects
Earth Sciences, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Keywords
Lead contamination GIS QGIS IDW interpolation Soil pollution Bangladesh Spatial analysis Savar
Dates
Published: 2025-07-03 09:44
Last Updated: 2025-07-03 09:44
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License
CC BY Attribution 4.0 International
Additional Metadata
Conflict of interest statement:
None.
Data Availability (Reason not available):
The soil lead (Pb) concentration dataset used in this study was simulated for demonstration and methodological purposes and does not represent empirical field measurements. As such, the dataset is not available in a public repository. Administrative boundaries were obtained from the publicly available GADM (Global Administrative Areas) database, and the basemap is based on OpenStreetMap tiles accessed through QGIS. All derived spatial products (e.g., raster interpolation layers) can be regenerated by others using the described methods and openly available boundary files.
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