Integrated Disaster Nursing Response for Public Healthcare Settings in Pakistan: A Sequential Mixed Method Approach Study Protocol

Saleema Gulzar, Sumia Andleeb Abbasi, Zohra Jetha, Syeda Humera Qutb, Zulekha Saleem, Sharifa Lalani, Huba Atiq, Zahira Amir Ali , Shah Muhammad, Ahad Salman, Tazeen Saeed Ali , Junaid Razzak 

Abstract

Background
Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes pose significant threats to human lives and infrastructure, particularly in low-lying regions of Pakistan. Among the most vulnerable areas are Sanghar and Dadu in the Sindh province, which experience recurrent flooding. These disasters often overwhelm healthcare systems and underscore the urgent need for adequately trained healthcare professionals capable of providing timely and effective disaster response. Nurses play a pivotal role in emergency care, yet there remains a gap in their formal preparedness for disaster situations.
Aim
The purpose of this study would be to bridge the identified gap by developing and implementing a context-specific integrated disaster nursing response curriculum for healthcare providers in Sanghar and Dadu, Pakistan.
Materials and Methods
A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design will be employed. In Phase 1, a quasi-experimental pre-post intervention will be conducted with 310 healthcare providers (155 per district). Participants will undergo a disaster response training program, with effectiveness assessed using a self-developed tool. Quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS 27 through paired t-tests or ANOVA after normality testing. Phase 2 will involve qualitative focus group interviews in both districts, analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to explore participant experiences and perceptions.
Discussion
The intervention is expected to improve healthcare providers’ competencies in disaster response and management. By incorporating co-teaching and fostering self-efficacy among participants, the program also promotes knowledge dissemination and peer training within local healthcare systems.
Conclusion
This study is poised to significantly enhance the preparedness of healthcare professionals in responding to disaster emergencies. Beyond building essential capacity, a key highlight of this project is its emphasis on co-teaching and fostering individual confidence, empowering participants to train others effectively. This ripple effect of knowledge transfer will ultimately strengthen the overall resilience of our healthcare system in the face of future crises.