Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Earth Sciences
Beyond Boundary Lines: Emerging Innovative Trends in Geospatial Data for Decision-Making
Published: 2024-12-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
As technology and the use of data innovates and iterates by the second, so does the use and implementation of geospatial data into decision-making processes across the globe. The use of geospatial data is intertwined in every part of life with technology, from accessing bank transactions to adaptive navigational systems. This literature review identifies new and evolving trends in the use of [...]
Cambrian foreland phosphogenesis in the Khuvsgul Basin of Mongolia
Published: 2024-12-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Ediacaran-Cambrian phosphorite deposits in northern Mongolia have been associated with a putative increase in nutrient delivery to the global oceans that drove oxygenation and the rise of animals. However, like many phosphorites from this ~130 Myr interval, the precise age and depositional setting of these deposits remain poorly constrained. Here, we integrate new geological mapping, [...]
Emulator-based Bayesian calibration of a subglacial drainage model
Published: 2024-12-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Subglacial drainage models, often motivated by the relationship between hydrology and ice flow, sensitively depend on numerous unconstrained parameters. We explore using borehole water-pressure timeseries to calibrate the uncertain parameters of a popular subglacial drainage model, taking a Bayesian perspective to quantify the uncertainty in parameter estimates and in the calibrated model [...]
Beyond fractures: the role of bedding planes in fluid flow pathways within a well-bedded carbonate sequence
Published: 2024-12-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Conventionally, subsurface fluid flow modelling studies have concentrated on the characterization of fracture networks and their capacity to facilitate vertical and lateral fluid movements. This study utilizes unique field observations of oxidation halos in a well-bedded carbonate sequence in the Paris Basin, France, offering new perspectives on fluid flow pathways. It demonstrates that, in [...]
Nonlinear carbon feedbacks in CMIP6 and their impacts on future freshwater availability
Published: 2024-12-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Will plants consume more or less water in a high carbon dioxide [CO2] world? What will the hydrologic consequences of those changes will be? Some theories and analyses of earlier generations of Earth System Models (ESM) suggest that transpiration will decline with higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2] due to stomatal closure, thereby enhancing runoff and soil moisture and [...]
Groundwater Flooding of Superficial Gravels in an Urbanized Catchment
Published: 2024-12-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Groundwater behavior in superficial gravel aquifers is globallypoorly understood, especially across urban regions where drinking water is sourced from elsewhere. We focus on one such region around Staines, SE UK, where local River Terrace Gravels form a thin (<10 m) superficial aquifer. Our objective was to explain the unusually broad and long-lived distribution of flooding by investigating [...]
Holocene environmental change in Rotsee and its impact on sedimentary carbon storage
Published: 2024-12-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
To assess the long-term impact of climate change and human influence on lakes and their sedimentary carbon storage, paleo-environmental approaches using well-dated lake sediment cores can be employed. Here, we reconstruct carbon mass accumulation rates for organic and inorganic carbon since 13 ka BP in Rotsee, a perialpine lake near the Swiss Alps, using a 12m sediment core. A multiproxy approach [...]
The potential for carbon dioxide storage in basaltic rocks of southern Brazil: An approach based on favorability analysis
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a critical technology to mitigate climate change by reducing atmospheric CO₂. The Paraná Basin, with its extensive basaltic formations, offers potential for large-scale CO₂ storage. However, determining the most favorable areas for CCS remains challenging due to the complex interplay of geological, geochemical, and logistical factors. This study addresses this [...]
A Conversational Intelligent Assistant for Enhanced Operational Support in Floodplain Management with Multimodal Data
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Sciences, Databases and Information Systems, Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
Floodplain management is crucial for mitigating flood risks and enhancing community resilience, yet floodplain managers often face significant challenges, including the complexity of data analysis, regulatory compliance, and effective communication with diverse stakeholders. This study introduces Floodplain Manager AI, an innovative artificial intelligence (AI) based virtual assistant designed to [...]
MinPlotX: A powerful tool for formula recalculation, visualization, and comparison of large mineral compositional datasets
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
MinPlotX is an open-source software for mineral formula recalculation and compositional plotting providing an easy-to-use stand-alone graphical user interface (GUI) as well as an advanced programming interface (API). The aim of MinPlotX is to provide publication-ready tables of mineral formulae and plots of mineral composition. The new GUI-based approach allows for a wider variety of calculation [...]
A simplified physics model for estimating subsurface CO2 storage resources constrained by fault slip potential
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) at rates of several gigatonnes (Gt) per year may be needed to mitigate climate change. However, one major uncertainty is that the risk of injection-induced earthquakes may grow with this scale of deployment. In this work, we develop a tool, named CO2BLOCKSEISM, which uses simplified physics models to screen subsurface storage resources constrained by fault [...]
On the assessment of sinking particle fluxes from in situ particle size distributions
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences
The biological carbon pump plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, particularly through sinking particles carrying carbon to deep waters. The Underwater Vision Profilers (UVP) is widely used for studying particle properties. UVP-based particulate organic carbon (POC) flux is typically derived from particle size distributions (PSDs) assuming size dependent sinking rates and carbon [...]
Leaky faults modulated magma ascent and seismicity during the 2022 São Jorge (Azores) volcanic unrest
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Understanding the signatures and mechanisms of failed volcanic eruptions is vital for mapping magma plumbing systems and forecasting volcanic hazards. Geological structures like fractures and faults are key to guiding magma, but their mechanisms remain unclear due to limited 3-D mapping of faults in volcanic regions and sufficiently precise earthquake locations. The triple-junction setting of the [...]
3D dynamic rupture modeling of the 2021 Haiti earthquake used to constrain stress conditions and fault system complexity
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2021 Mw7.2 Haiti earthquake was a devastating event which occurred within the Enriquillo Plantain Garden Fault Zone (EPGFZ). It is not well-understood why neither the 2021 nor the prior Mw7.0 2010 earthquake were simple strike slip events and, instead, ruptured with distinct patches of dip slip and strike slip motion on largely separate fault planes. We develop several 3D dynamic rupture [...]
Glacier preservation doubled by limiting warming to 1.5°C
Published: 2024-12-15
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Glaciers adapt slowly to changing climatic conditions, resulting in long-term changes in their mass with implications for sea level rise and water supply, even if the climate were to stabilize. Using eight glacier evolution models, we simulate global glacier evolution over multi-centennial timescales, allowing glaciers to equilibrate with climate under various constant global temperature [...]