Skip to main content

Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Earth Sciences

Messages from the past; the petroglyphs of El Hierro Island

Mario Guglielmi, Valentin Rudolf Troll, Joerg Joerg Foest, et al.

Published: 2023-09-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Ancient cultures have frequently made use of stone surfaces to carve and engrave symbols, letters and messages for others. These petroglyphs usually have a lasting character and are frequently preserved well beyond the survival of the culture that produced the petroglyphs. In this article we focus on the written and pictorial testimony of the pre-Hispanic era of the island of El Hierro [...]

Catchment characterization: current descriptors, knowledge gaps and future opportunities

Larisa Tarasova, Sebastian Gnann, Soohyun Yang, et al.

Published: 2023-09-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

An ability to describe hydrologically relevant differences between places is at the core of our science. A common way to characterize hydrological catchments is to use descriptors that summarize important physical aspects of the system, often by aggregating heterogeneous geospatial data into a single number. Such descriptors aim to capture various facets of catchment functioning and structure, [...]

The 2021 La Palma eruption; social dilemmas resulting from living close to an active volcano

Valentin Rudolf Troll, Meritxell Aulinas Junca, Juan Carlos Carracedo, et al.

Published: 2023-09-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Damage and destruction caused by the 2021 eruption of the Tajogaite volcano on La Palma was unprecedented relative to other historical eruptions of the last century (1909, 1949, 1971, 2011) in the Canary Islands. The devastation caused by the eruption was not a result of eruption magnitude, which was only marginally larger than other historical events, but instead of increasing vulnerability due [...]

Shifting institutional culture to develop climate solutions with Open Science

Julia Stewart Lowndes, Anna Holder, Emily Markowitz, et al.

Published: 2023-09-20
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Reactive iron as an important reservoir of marine organic carbon over geological timescales

Yunru Chen, Liang Dong, Weikang Sui, et al.

Published: 2023-09-20
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Microbiology

Reactive iron (FeR) has been suggested to serve as a semi-persistent sink of organic carbon (OC) in surface marine sediments, where approximately 10-20% of total OC (TOC) is associated with FeR (FeR-OC). However, the persistence of FeR-OC on geological timescales remains poorly constrained. Here, we retrieved FeR-OC records in two long sediment cores of the northern South China Sea spanning [...]

Antarctic Geothermal Heat Flow, Crustal Conductivity and Heat Production Inferred From Seismological Data

James Alexander Nicholas Hazzard, Fred D. Richards

Published: 2023-09-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Geothermal heat flow is a key parameter in governing ice dynamics, via its influence on basal melt and sliding, englacial rheology, and erosion. It is expected to exhibit significant lateral variability across Antarctica. Despite this, surface heat flow derived from Earth's interior remains one of the most poorly constrained parameters controlling ice-sheet evolution. To obtain a continent-wide [...]

Continental scale hydrostratigraphy: basin-scale testing of alternative data-driven approaches

Danielle Tijerina-Kreuzer, Jackson Swilley, Hoang Tran, et al.

Published: 2023-09-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Integrated hydrological modeling is an effective method for understanding interactions between parts of the hydrologic cycle, quantifying water resources, and furthering knowledge of hydrologic processes. However, these models are dependent on robust and accurate datasets that physically represent spatial characteristics as model inputs. This study evaluates multiple data-driven approaches for [...]

Machine Learning in Petrology: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Maurizio Petrelli

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The present manuscript reports on the state-of-the-art and future perspectives of Machine Learning (ML) in petrology. To achieve this goal, it first introduces the basics of ML, including definitions, core concepts, and applications. Then, it starts reviewing the state-of-the-art of ML in petrology. Established applications mainly concern the so-called data-driven discovery and involve specific [...]

A Cascadia Slab Model from Receiver Functions

Wasja Bloch, Michael G. Bostock, Pascal Audet

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology

We map the characteristic signature of the subducting Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates along the entire Cascadia forearc from northern Vancouver Island, Canada to Cape Mendocino in northern California, USA, using teleseismic receiver functions. The subducting oceanic crustal complex, possibly including subcreted material, is parameterized by three horizons capable of generating mode-converted waves: [...]

Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas

Xin Lin, Shushi Peng, Philippe Ciais, et al.

Published: 2023-09-05
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences

Using convex optimization to efficiently apportion tracer and pollutant sources from point concentration observations

Richard Barnes, Alex George Lipp

Published: 2023-09-05
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics

Rivers transport elements, minerals, chemicals, and pollutants produced in their upstream basins. A sample from a river is a mixture of all of its upstream sources, making it challenging to pinpoint the contribution from each individual source. Here, we show how a nested sample design and convex optimization can be used to efficiently unmix downstream samples of a well-mixed, conservative tracer [...]

Evidence of subduction, collision, and extension in northern Borneo: Constraints from receiver function

Amy Gilligan, David Cornwell, Nicholas Rawlinson, et al.

Published: 2023-09-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology

Northern Borneo (Sabah) has a complex geological history, experiencing multiple episodes of subduction, magmatism, uplift, subsidence, and extension since the Mesozoic. This includes the subduction of the proto-South China Sea beneath Sabah, terminating ~21 Ma; a postulated later phase of subduction of the Celebes Sea plate, terminating ~9 Ma; extension in central Sabah ~9-10Ma; rapid emplacement [...]

The Role of Continental Heterogeneity on the Evolution of Continental Margin Topography at Subduction Zones

Antoniette Greta Grima, Thorsten W. Becker

Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure

The nature of the overriding plate plays a major role in shaping subduction zone processes. In particular, the highly heterogeneous continental lithosphere modulates intra-plate tectonics and the surface evolution of our planet. However, the role of continental heterogeneity is relatively under-explored for the dynamics of subduction models. We investigate the influence of rheological and density [...]

Machine Learning Photogrammetric Analysis of Images Provides a Scalable Approach to Study Riverbed Grain Size Distributions

Peter Regier, Yunxiang Chen, Kyongho Son, et al.

Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology

The distribution of sediment grain size in streams and rivers is often quantified by the median grain size (d50), a key metric for understanding and predicting hydrologic and biogeochemical function of streams and rivers. Manual methods to measure d50 are time-consuming and ignore larger grains, while model-based methods to estimate d50 often over-generalize basin characteristics, and therefore [...]

Towards an astrochronological framework for the lower Paleoproterozoic Kuruman and Brockman Iron Formations

Margriet L Lantink, Joshua HFL Davies, Rick Hennekam, et al.

Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Stratigraphy

Recent evidence for astronomical-induced cycles in banded iron formations (BIFs) hints at the intriguing possibility of developing astrochronological, i.e. precise time-stratigraphic, frameworks for the earliest Proterozoic as also reconstructed for parts of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic. The ca 2.47-Ga Kuruman Iron Formation (Griqualand West Basin, South Africa) and Dales Gorge Member of the [...]

search

You can search by:

  • Title
  • Keywords
  • Author Name
  • Author Affiliation