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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Civil and Environmental Engineering

Defining renewable groundwater use and its relevance to sustainable groundwater management

Mark Olaf Cuthbert, Tom Gleeson, Grant Ferguson, et al.

Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Groundwater systems are commonly, but variously, defined as renewable or non-renewable based on natural fluxes of recharge or on estimates of aquifer storage and groundwater residence time. However, we show here that the principle of capture challenges simple definitions so that a groundwater system cannot be renewable or non-renewable in and of itself, but only with reference to how the [...]

Tidal Turbine Array Modelling using Goal-Oriented Mesh Adaptation

Joseph Gregory Wallwork, Athanasios Angeloudis, Nicolas Barral, et al.

Published: 2022-04-30
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Fluid Dynamics, Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Partial Differential Equations

Purpose: To examine the accuracy and sensitivity of tidal array performance assessment by numerical techniques applying goal-oriented mesh adaptation. Methods: The goal-oriented framework is designed to give rise to adaptive meshes upon which a given diagnostic quantity of interest (QoI) can be accurately captured, whilst maintaining a low overall computational cost. We seek to improve the [...]

Interactive Hydrological Modelling and Simulation on Client-Side Web Systems: An Educational Case Study

Gregory James Ewing, Ricardo Mantilla, Witold F. Krajewski, et al.

Published: 2022-04-14
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Education, Engineering, Engineering Education, Environmental Education, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Science and Mathematics Education, Water Resource Management

Computational hydrological models and simulations are fundamental pieces of the workflow of contemporary hydroscience research, education, and professional engineering activities. In support of hydrological modelling efforts, web-enabled tools for data processing, storage, computation, and visualization have proliferated. Most of these efforts rely on server resources for computation and data [...]

A machine learning approach to water quality forecasts and sensor network expansion: Case study in the Wabash River Basin, USA

Tyler Balson, Adam Scott Ward

Published: 2022-04-06
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management

Midwestern cities require forecasts of surface nitrate loads to bring additional treatment processes online or activate alternative water supplies. Concurrently, networks of nitrate monitoring stations are being deployed in river basins, co-locating water quality observations with established stream gauges. However, tools to evaluate the future value of expanded networks to improve water quality [...]

Advancing Hydroinformatics and Water Data Science Instruction: Community Perspectives and Online Learning Resources

Amber S Jones, Jeffery S Horsburgh, Camilo J Bastidas Pacheco, et al.

Published: 2022-03-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Education, Engineering, Hydrology, Science and Mathematics Education, Water Resource Management

Hydroinformatics and water data science topics are increasingly common in university graduate settings through dedicated courses and programs as well as incorporation into traditional water science courses. The technical tools and techniques emphasized by hydroinformatics and water data science involve distinctive instructional styles, which may be facilitated by online formats and materials. In [...]

Automated machine learning to evaluate the information content of tropospheric trace gas columns for fine particle estimates over India: a modeling testbed

Zhonghua Zheng, Arlene M. Fiore, Daniel M. Westervelt, et al.

Published: 2022-03-20
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Atmospheric Sciences, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

India is largely devoid of high-quality and reliable on-the-ground measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Ground-level PM2.5 concentrations are estimated from publicly available satellite Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products combined with other information. Prior research has largely overlooked the possibility of gaining additional accuracy and insights into the sources of PM using [...]

Real-Time Streamflow Forecasting Framework, Implementation and Post-Analysis Using Deep Learning

Zhongrun Xiang, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2022-03-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences

Rainfall-runoff modeling and streamflow prediction using deep learning algorithms have been studied significantly in the last few years. The majority of these studies focus on the simulation and testing of historical datasets. Deployment and operation of a real-time streamflow forecast model using deep learning will face additional data and computational challenges such as inaccurate rainfall [...]

Camera-Based Intelligent Stream Stage Sensing for Decentralized Environmental Monitoring

Yusuf Sermet, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2022-03-02
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Water Resource Management

On average, flood damages cost $4.4 billion in the US annually. Accurate, vast, and real-time coverage of water level monitoring is crucial for the advancement of environmental research, specifically in the areas of climate change, water distribution, and natural disaster preparedness and management. According to a 2018 EPA report, there are 2.7 million streams and associated watersheds in the US [...]

Climate-Catchment-Soil Control on Hydrological Droughts in Peninsular India

Poulomi Ganguli, Bhupinderjeet Singh, Nagarjuna Nukala Reddy, et al.

Published: 2022-01-29
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics, Risk Analysis

Most land surface system models and observational assessments ignore detailed soil characteristics while describing the drought attributes such as growth, duration, recovery, and the termination rate of the event. With the national-scale digital soil maps available for India, we assessed the climate-catchment-soil nexus using daily observed streamflow records from 98 sites in tropical [...]

Urban Flood Impact Assessment and Hazard Vulnerability Analysis: Iowa Case Study

Yazeed Alabbad, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2022-01-28
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Risk Analysis

Flooding is one of the most common natural disasters affecting communities worldwide. It is expected to persist with increasing magnitude and frequency as a result of climate change, resulting in both direct and indirect negative consequences. The flood impact assessment is considered as a key component of flood risk management strategies, such as benefit-cost analysis for mitigation planning. [...]

Multidimensional Governing Equations of Matrix Flow Component of Subsurface Stormflow as Function of Bedrock Surface Geometry

M Levent Kavvas, Tongbi Tu, Ali Ercan, et al.

Published: 2022-01-28
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Fully distributed rainfall-runoff modeling using spatial-temporal graph neural network

Zhongrun Xiang, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2022-01-15
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydrology

Recent studies using latest deep learning algorithms such as LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) have shown great promise in time-series modeling. There are many studies focusing on the watershed-scale rainfall-runoff modeling or streamflow forecasting, often considering a single watershed with limited generalization capabilities. To improve the model performance, several studies explored an integrated [...]

WaterBench: A Large-scale Benchmark Dataset for Data-Driven Streamflow Forecasting

Ibrahim Demir, Zhongrun Xiang, Bekir Zahit Demiray, et al.

Published: 2022-01-01
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Hydrology

This study proposes a comprehensive benchmark dataset for streamflow forecasting, WaterBench, that follows FAIR data principles that is prepared with a focus on convenience for utilizing in data-driven and machine learning studies, and provides benchmark performance for state-of-art deep learning architectures on the dataset for comparative analysis. By aggregating the datasets of streamflow, [...]

Copper availability governs nitrous oxide accumulation in wetland soils and stream sediments

Neha Sharma, Elaine D. Flynn, Jeffrey G. Catalano, et al.

Published: 2021-12-15
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geochemistry, Life Sciences

Denitrification is microbially-mediated through enzymes containing metal cofactors. Laboratory studies of pure cultures have highlighted that the availability of Cu, required for the multicopper enzyme nitrous oxide reductase, can limit N2O reduction. However, in natural aquatic systems, such as wetlands and hyporheic zones in stream beds, the role of Cu in controlling denitrification remains [...]

Adaptive Mesh Refinement Strategies for a Novel Modelof Immiscible Fluid Flow in Fractures

Sobhan Hatami, Stuart Duncan Christopher Walsh

Published: 2021-12-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computational Engineering, Engineering

In this paper, we consider two Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) methods to simulate flow through fractures using a novel multiphase model. The approach represents the fluid using a two-dimensional parallel-plate model that employs techniques adapted from lattice-Boltzmann simulations to track the fluid interface. Here, we discuss different mesh refinement strategies for the model and compare [...]

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