Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Geology
Divergent Paradigms of Porphyry Cu Deposits in Subduction and Collision Zones
Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Natural Resource Economics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The prevailing view suggests that the formation of porphyry Cu deposits involves differentiation of water-rich, metal-bearing juvenile magmas, with subduction of oceanic slabs supplying the necessary volatiles. However, the occurrence of significant porphyry Cu deposits in continental collision zones, where such volatile sources are absent, challenges this paradigm. We analyze a global dataset of [...]
Transtension in the Levant Basin: Challenging the Syrian Arc model
Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Late Cretaceous intra-plate shortening, and inversion of the Permian to Jurassic rift system, resulted in the ~1000 km-long, S-shaped Syrian Arc Fold Belt which dominates the Levant regional topography through Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, and Syria. Subsequent Miocene folding along the same trends of the Late Cretaceous fold belt, was likely associated with the collision of Arabia and Eurasia. The [...]
Water Storage in Hydrous Minerals in the Shallow Martian Mantle
Published: 2025-01-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Planetary Geochemistry
In this paper we investigate the possibility of storing water in the shallow martian mantle under water-saturated fluid absent conditions for different bulk silicate mars (BSM) compositions. We performed phase equilibria experiments on two BSM compositions with comparable Mg number for pressure between 2 and 4 GPa, temperatures between 950 to 1150°C, and for a water content of 0.3 % wt. The [...]
Is the Suez Rift in its post-rift phase?
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Failed rifts are widely assumed to enter post-rift quiescence after termination of intracontinental rifting. However, this remains largely untested and a comprehensive evaluation of the rates and patterns of post-rift tectonic (in)activity is lacking. Our novel, rift-scale geomorphic analysis reveals “post-rift” rifting across the archetypal failed rift of Suez, in Egypt. Stacked topographic [...]
Sea level rise submergence simulations suggest substantial deterioration of Indian River Lagoon ecosystem services by 2050, Florida, U.S.A.
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
The Indian River Lagoon is a 250-km-long Estuary of National Significance located along the east-central Florida coast of the USA. NOAA tidal data generated at a station located in the central reaches of the estuary indicate sea level rise has accelerated over the duration of record to an average of 9.6 ± 1.6 mm year−1 (2003–2022). It is expected to continue accelerating over the duration of this [...]
Cambrian foreland phosphogenesis in the Khuvsgul Basin of Mongolia
Published: 2024-12-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Ediacaran-Cambrian phosphorite deposits in northern Mongolia have been associated with a putative increase in nutrient delivery to the global oceans that drove oxygenation and the rise of animals. However, like many phosphorites from this ~130 Myr interval, the precise age and depositional setting of these deposits remain poorly constrained. Here, we integrate new geological mapping, [...]
Favorability mapping for carbon storage in basaltic rocks of the Paraná Basin
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a critical technology to mitigate climate change by reducing atmospheric CO₂. The Paraná Basin, with its extensive basaltic formations, offers potential for large-scale CO₂ storage. However, determining the most favorable areas for CCS remains challenging due to the complex interplay of geological, geochemical, and logistical factors. This study addresses this [...]
Functional regression for space-time prediction of precipitation-induced shallow landslides in South Tyrol, Italy
Published: 2024-12-10
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Multivariate Analysis, Statistical Models
Shallow landslides are geomorphic hazards in mountainous terrains across the globe. Their occurrence can be attributed to the interplay of static and dynamic landslide controls. In previous studies, data-driven approaches have been employed to model shallow landslides on a regional scale, focusing on analyzing the spatial aspects and time-varying conditions separately. Still, the joint assessment [...]
Challenging the turbidity current maximum run-up height paradigm
Published: 2024-12-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Turbidity currents are a primary mechanism for transporting sediments, pollutants, and organic carbon into the deep ocean. They are strongly influenced by seafloor topography because of their relative bulk density and associated gravitational influence being 3-4 orders of magnitude smaller than in terrestrial systems. Marked run-up of turbidity currents on slopes poses a hazard to seafloor [...]
VolcAshDB – A global database of volcanic ash particles
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Geology, Volcanology
Volcanic ash is made of particles smaller than 2 mm and is produced during volcanic eruptions. Studying the properties of volcanic ash is key for a range of applications, including volcano monitoring. However, given the large variety of textures, colors, and shapes of particles from different eruptions and volcanoes it is challenging to classify them in a reproducible and systematic manner. Here, [...]
Minibasin dynamics control sediment dispersal on a salt-detached slope: examples from the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Published: 2024-11-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Tectonics and Structure
Basal welds can halt the downslope translation of minibasins on salt-detached slopes, commonly giving rise to shortening and extension, updip and downdip, respectively, of the obstructed minibasins. How minibasin obstruction influences seafloor topography and thus deep-water sediment dispersal has not been previously investigated, despite it being an important control on hydrocarbon reservoir [...]
Oligocene – Miocene Tectono-Stratigraphic Development of the Southern Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
The Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean, has a complex geological history. The separation of Africa from Arabia, and the collision of the latter with Eurasia during the Oligocene – Miocene had significant implications for the tectono-stratigraphy of the region, as recorded in the thick, siliciclastic-dominated sequence preserved in the Levant Basin. Previous studies mostly focused on either [...]
Numerical modelling of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction and intraplate deformation in the Gulf of Guinea
Published: 2024-10-31
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
To present day, the phenomenon of intraplate deformation and its associated earthquakes remain elusive. In this work, we argue that intraplate deformation may result from the interaction between lithospheric and upper mantle dynamic processes. To this extent, we targeted the Gulf of Guinea and adjacent Western Africa, a region with both low plate velocities and clear asthenosphere dynamics, [...]
Geological and Environmental Implications of Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques: Balancing Efficiency with Sustainability
Published: 2024-10-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This research paper explores the geological and environmental impacts of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology, focusing on the balance between efficiency and sustainability in fossil fuel extraction. EOR methods, including thermal recovery, gas injection, and chemical flooding, are critical to maximizing reservoir recovery, especially as global energy demand increases and conventional reserves [...]
Phase-equilibrium geobarometers for silicic rocks based on rhyolite-MELTS. Part 5: Principles for multiple-phase geobarometry with examples from plagioclase + orthopyroxene ± quartz ± magnetite assemblages
Published: 2024-10-29
Subjects: Geology
The quartz + feldspar rhyolite-MELTS phase-equilibrium geobarometer is a useful tool for calculating equilibration pressures of rhyolitic magmas. However, it is limited by requiring quartz saturation in magma. Here, we employ the principles from Parts 1-4 to move beyond modeling a specific mineral assemblage. We demonstrate methods for carefully interpreting the rhyolite-MELTS geobarometry [...]