Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Geomorphology
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis by R language for Pattern Recognition in the Bathymetric Data Frame: a Case Study of the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean
Published: 2019-01-25
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Environmental Education, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Geology, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Statistics and Probability, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Spatial Science, Statistics and Probability, Tectonics and Structure
The geographic focus of the current study Mariana trench, the deepest point of the Earth located in the west Pacific Ocean. Mariana trench has unique structure and features formed in the complex process of the trench development. There is a range of the environmental factors affecting trench structure and functioning: bathymetry, geography, geology and tectonics. Current research aimed to study [...]
The Use of Satellite Images for Assessment of Environmental Vulnerability and Resilience of the Arctic Wetlands
Published: 2019-01-25
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Education, Environmental Education, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Geomorphology, Life Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Science and Mathematics Education, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Spatial Science, Water Resource Management
The research paper focuses on the environmental problem of Yamal region, geographically located in the Russian Yamal-Nenets autonomous region, northern-central Russia. This region is characterized by the unique nature and environmental conditions, combining two physical-geographical regions: sub-Arctic and Arctic moss-lichen tundra and permafrost conditions. The recent changes in global climate [...]
Linking an Early Triassic delta to antecedent topography: source-to-sink study of the southwestern Barents Sea margin
Published: 2019-01-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Present-day catchments adjacent to sedimentary basins may preserve geomorphic elements that have been active through long intervals of time. Relicts of ancient catchments in present-day landscapes may be investigated using mass-balance models and can give important information about upland landscape evolution and reservoir distribution in adjacent basins. However, such methods are in their [...]
A new crustal fault formed the modern Corinth Rift
Published: 2019-01-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
This review shows how collective analysis of morphotectonic elements on uplifting rift margins can constrain the mechanical behaviour of continents during early rifting. This is shown for the modern Corinth Rift, one of the fastest-extending and most seismically active continental regions worldwide. We reconstruct the growth of the normal fault system that accommodates most of the rift strain and [...]
Geometry of flexural uplift by continental rifting in Corinth, Greece
Published: 2019-01-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Understanding early rifting of continental lithosphere requires accurate descriptions of up-bended rift margins and footwalls that correlate in space and time with the elastic flexural uplift that produces them. Here, we characterize the geometry of elastic flexural uplift produced by continental rifting at its spatiotemporal scale in nature (10s km; 10^4-10^6 yr) using geomorphic evidence from [...]
Transient rivers characterize evolving crustal-scale flexure in the Corinth Rift
Published: 2019-01-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Crustal elastic flexure on the flanks of rift-forming faults is a key feature to characterize continental rifting processes that can be resolved by means of transient river drainages on rift footwalls. Here we show that the elastic flexure dynamics of the uplifting southern shoulder of the rapidly-extending, asymmetric Corinth Rift (Greece) are recorded in 3D by its fluvial network. We explore [...]
The retreat pattern of glaciers controls the occurrence of turbidity currents on high-latitude fjord deltas
Published: 2018-12-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
Glacier and ice sheet mass loss as a result of climate change is driving important coastal changes in Arctic fjords. Yet, limited information exists for Arctic coasts regarding the influence of glacial erosion and ice mass loss on the occurrence and character of turbidity currents in fjords which themselves affect delta dynamics. Here, we show how glacial erosion and the production of meltwaters [...]
Co-location of the downdip end of seismic coupling and the continental shelf break
Published: 2018-11-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Along subduction margins, the morphology of the near shore domain records the combined action of erosion from ocean waves and permanent tectonic deformation from the convergence of plates. We observe that at subduction margins around the globe, the edge of continental shelves tends to be located above the downdip end of seismic coupling on the megathrust (locking depth). Coastlines lie farther [...]
How do sea-level curves influence modeled marine terrace sequences?
Published: 2018-11-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Sequences of uplifted marine terraces are widespread and reflect the interaction between climatic and tectonic processes at multiple scales, yet their analysis is typically biased by the chosen sea-level (SL) curve. Here we explore the influence of Quaternary SL curves on the geometry of marine terrace sequences using landscape evolution models (LEMs). First, we modeled the young, rapidly [...]
Spatial variability of late Holocene and 20th century sea-level rise along the Atlantic coast of the United States
Published: 2018-11-07
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
Accurate estimates of global sea-level rise in the pre-satellite era provide a context for 21st century sea-level predictions, but the use of tide-gauge records is complicated by the contributions from changes in land level due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). We have constructed a rigorous quality-controlled database of late Holocene sea-level indices from the U.S. Atlantic coast, [...]
Flow-Substrate Interactions in Aggrading and Degrading Submarine Channels
Published: 2018-10-25
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geology, Geomorphology, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Connecting real time measurements of current-bed interactions to the temporal evolution of submarine channels can be extremely challenging in natural settings. We present a suite of physical experiments that offer insight into the spectrum of interactions between turbidity currents and their channels, from (i) detachment-limited erosion to (ii) transport-limited erosion to (iii) pure deposition. [...]
Natural and Anthropogenic Controls on Wood Loads in River Corridors of the Rocky, Cascade, and Olympic Mountains, USA
Published: 2018-10-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wood in rivers creates habitat, shapes the morphology of valley bottoms, and acts as a pool of organic carbon (OC). Effective riverine wood management depends on a robust understanding of the spatial distribution of wood throughout river networks. This motivates the analysis of wood load in relation to both reach- and basin-scale processes. We present wood load data coupled with precipitation, [...]
Lake area constraints on past hydroclimate in the western United States: Application to Pleistocene Lake Bonneville
Published: 2018-10-10
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Fresh Water Studies, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Lake shoreline remnants found in basins of the western United States reflect wetter conditions during Pleistocene glacial periods. The size distribution of paleolakes, such as Lake Bonneville, provide a first-order constraint on the competition between regional precipitation delivery and evaporative demand. In this contribution we downscale previous work using lake mass balance equations and [...]
Geomorphology and Climate Interact to Control Organic Carbon Stock and Age in Mountain River Valley Bottoms
Published: 2018-10-09
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Organic carbon (OC) in valley bottom downed wood and soil that cycles over short to moderate timescales represents a large, dynamic, and poorly quantified pool of carbon whose distribution and residence time affects global climate. We compare four disparate mountain river basins to show that mountain river valley bottoms store substantial estimated OC stocks in floodplain soil and downed wood. [...]
Vulnerability of Louisiana’s coastal wetlands to present-day rates of relative sea-level rise
Published: 2018-10-01
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Risk Analysis, Sedimentology, Soil Science, Stratigraphy, Sustainability
Coastal Louisiana has lost about 5,000km2 of wetlands over the past century and concern exists whether remaining wetlands will persist while facing some of the world’s highest rates of relative sea-level rise (RSLR). Here we analyse an unprecedented data set derived from 274 rod surface-elevation table-marker horizon stations, to determine present-day surface-elevation change, vertical accretion [...]