Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Agriculture

A Climate Counternarrative: Dubious Carbon Accounting is Making a Canopy Problem Look Like an Energy Problem (for Consent and Profit)

Denis de Bernardy

Published: 2023-05-12
Subjects: Agriculture, Climate, Forest Sciences, Soil Science

The modern rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide is man-made but driven by land stewardship changes rather than industrial activities like fossil fuels. Carbon cycle research fails to adequately convey surface-level interactions like plants soaking up carbon dioxide emitted near them. Clear-cutting a forest, for instance, produces a large plume of biogenic carbon dioxide that wind can carry away, [...]

Ammonia emissions from a dairy housing and a wastewater treatment plant quantified with an inverse dispersion method accounting for deposition loss

Alex Valach

Published: 2023-04-17
Subjects: Agriculture, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Engineering

Ammonia (NH3) emissions negatively impact air, soil, and water quality, hence human health and biodiversity. Significant emissions, including the largest sources, originate from single or multiple structures, such as livestock facilities and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The inverse dispersion method (IDM) is effective in measuring total emissions from such [...]

Revisiting the Climate Narrative

Denis de Bernardy

Published: 2023-04-06
Subjects: Agriculture, Climate, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Studies, Food Science, Forest Management, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide is chiefly tied to land stewardship. Farmers and loggers have removed the plants that, until the industrial era, kept the soil fungi alive, kept soil emissions nearby by breaking the wind, and soaked those up. The result is plumes of carbon dioxide. Putting plants back in would curb these emissions. Farmers and loggers could address biodiversity loss [...]

Mitigating risk of exceeding environmental limits requires ambitious food system interventions

Michalis Hadjikakou, Nicholas Bowles, Ozge Geyik, et al.

Published: 2023-04-05
Subjects: Agriculture, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability

Transforming the global food system is necessary to avoid exceeding planetary boundaries. A robust evidence base is crucial to assess the scale and combination of interventions required for a sustainable transformation. We developed a risk assessment framework, underpinned by a meta-regression of 60 global food system modeling studies, to quantify the potential of individual and combined [...]

Photosynthetically Active Radiation Separation Model for High-Latitude Regions in Agrivoltaic Systems Modelling

Silvia Ma Lu, Dazhi Yang, Martha Anderson, et al.

Published: 2023-03-31
Subjects: Agriculture, Power and Energy

Photosynthetically active radiation is a key parameter for modelling the photosynthetic behaviour of plants in response to sunlight and, subsequently, for determining crop yield. Separating photosynthetically active radiation into direct and diffuse components is of significance to agrivoltaic systems, which combine solar energy conversion and agricultural farming on the same portion of land. [...]

Crop Yield Prediction based on Reanalysis and Crop Phenology Data in the Agroclimatic Zones

Serhan Yeşilköy, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2023-03-24
Subjects: Agriculture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Engineering

Crop yield and phenological stages are remarkably sensitive to not only environmental factors like atmospheric conditions and physical properties of soils but also agricultural activities. Accurate crop yield prediction plays a crucial role in food security and agricultural sustainability. There are several approaches that a wide range of researchers have tried to predict crop yield at different [...]

Towards robust interdisciplinary modeling of global human-environmental dynamics

Carsten Meyer

Published: 2023-02-20
Subjects: Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Studies, Forest Sciences, Geography, Life Sciences, Nature and Society Relations

Real-world environmental problems are typically vast, urgent, and complex. Confronted with such problems, we are often tempted to act fast by pulling together little bits and pieces from different fields and simply adding these to pre-existing models and frameworks. Seldom, though, do we pause long enough to look whether and for how long those larger structures we build can support reliable [...]

Protecting fish and farms: incentivising adoption of modern fish-protection screens for water pumps and gravity-fed diversions in Australia

Tom Sutherland Rayner, John Conallin, Craig A. Boys, et al.

Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Agriculture

Modern fish-protection screens offer significant potential benefits for Australia. The Commonwealth and New South Wales (NSW) governments have invested over $30m to incentivise early adoption by water users. However, successful adoption requires an understanding of the motivations and abilities of water users, and strategies to overcome key barriers to adoption. Four practices have been used in [...]

Solar irradiance distribution under vertically mounted agrivoltaic systems – Model development, validation, and applications for microclimate assessment

Pietro Elia Campana, Jonathan Staaf Scragg, Silvia Ma Lu, et al.

Published: 2022-11-21
Subjects: Agriculture, Power and Energy

ccurate assessment of the Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) at the crop level is paramount for accurately assessing the energy balances and the crop yield under agrivoltaic systems. The shadings produced by the photovoltaic modules and structures of the agrivoltaic systems cause a non-homogeneous distribution of PAR and GHI at the crop level. It is [...]

FIELD LEVEL VARIATION INFLUENCED OUTCOMES MORE THAN N-FERTILISER, FYM, COVER CROPS OR THEIR LEGACY EFFECTS FOLLOWING CONVERSION TO A NO-TILL ARABLE SYSTEM

Ana I.M. Natalio, Matthew A. Back, Andrew Richards, et al.

Published: 2022-10-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science

Crop establishment in no-till arable systems benefits from favourable soil conditions. Combined with the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM) dynamics, crop productivity and nutrient cycling. These processes are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial processes. There is a lack of diachronic [...]

Total factor productivity in the INTA Chinandega rice variety

C. A. Zúniga-Gonzalez

Published: 2022-08-16
Subjects: Agriculture

The study focused on measuring the impact of the INTA-Chinandega rice variety on the rate of production increase in 40 farms in the North Pacific region of Nicaragua. Data from INTA Pacific North was used and covered the 7 production cycles. The DEA approach was used as a non-parametric programming method to calculate the Malmquist productivity indices. The results showed that the INTA Chinandega [...]

Majority of 21st century global irrigation expansion has been in water stressed regions

Piyush Mehta, Stefan Siebert, Matti Kummu, et al.

Published: 2022-08-09
Subjects: Agriculture, Spatial Science, Sustainability

The expansion of irrigated agriculture has increased global crop production but resulted in widespread stress to freshwater resources. Ensuring that increases in irrigated production only occur in places where water is relatively abundant is a key objective of sustainable agriculture, and knowledge of how irrigated land has evolved is important for measuring progress towards water sustainability. [...]

Field’s Spatial Variation Influenced Outcomes more so than N-fertiliser, FYM, Cover Crops or Their Legacy Effects Following Conversion to a No-till Arable System

Ana I.M. Natalio, Andrew Richards

Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences Life Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Soil Science, Sustainability

No-till in agricultural arable systems is a practice that offers benefits to soil health. Combined with methods such as the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM), crop productivity and nutrient status. These turnovers are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial mineralisation [...]

Unraveling the role of polysaccharide-goethite associations on glyphosate’ adsorption-desorption dynamics and binding mechanisms

Behrooz Azimzadeh, Carmen Enid Martínez

Published: 2022-07-23
Subjects: Agriculture, Analytical Chemistry, Biogeochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Soil Science

Hypothesis Glyphosate retention at environmental interfaces is strongly governed by adsorption and desorption processes. In particular, glyphosate can react with organo-mineral associations (OMAs) in soils, sediments, and aquatic environments. We hypothesize mineral-adsorbed biomacromolecules modulate the extent and rate of glyphosate adsorption and desorption where electrostatic and noncovalent [...]

A Technical Overview of the North Carolina ECONet

Sheila M. Saia, Sean P. Heuser, Myleigh D. Neill, et al.

Published: 2022-07-20
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Education, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Public Health, Environmental Sciences, Forest Management, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Plant Sciences

Regional weather networks–also referred to as mesonets–are imperative for filling in the spatial and temporal data gaps between nationally supported weather stations. The North Carolina Environment and Climate Observing Network (ECONet) fills this regional role; it is a mesoscale network of 44 (as of 2023) automated stations collecting 12 environmental variables every minute across North [...]

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