Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Biogeochemistry

Extrapolation based regionalized re-evaluation of the global estuarine surface area

Goulven Gildas Laruelle, Judith A. Rosentreter, Pierre Regnier

Published: 2023-02-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology

At the interface between the continental and oceanic domains, estuaries are essential components of the land-ocean aquatic continuum that play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles, as they transform and export large amounts of carbon and nutrients from rivers to coastal waters. Because of this intense biogeochemical processing, they are significant ecosystems in terms of greenhouse gas [...]

Land use change as an anthropogenic driver of mercury pollution

Aryeh Feinberg, Martin Jiskra, Pasquale Borrelli, et al.

Published: 2023-01-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

Mercury (Hg) released by anthropogenic activities can bioaccumulate to neurotoxic levels in commonly consumed fish. Global soils are a global long-term storage for atmospheric Hg taken up by vegetation, thereby decreasing the Hg burden to oceans and eventually fish. Anthropogenic activities like deforestation reduce the capacity of the terrestrial Hg sink and enhance the release of Hg from soils [...]

Are marl-limestone alternations mainly driven by CaCO3 variations at the astronomical timescale? New insights from extraterrestrial 3He

Pierre-Henri BLARD, Baptiste SUCHERAS-MARX, Guillaume SUAN, et al.

Published: 2023-01-07
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy

Marl-limestone alternations are rhythmical inter-bedded deposits that commonly occur in many sedimentological environments. It is quite well established that these lithological variations originate from astronomically-driven climatic variations paced by the Milankovitch cycles of main periods 19, 23, 41, 100 and 405 ka. However, the sedimentological mechanisms involved are not clear: some models [...]

Tracing timing of growth in cultured mollusks using strontium spiking

Niels J. de Winter, Sterre van Sikkeleras, Barbara Goudsmit-Hazevoort, et al.

Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Aquaculture and Fisheries Life Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Paleontology

Growth experiments present a powerful tool for determining the effect of environmental parameters on growth and carbonate composition in biogenic calcifiers. For successful proxy calibration and biomineralization studies, it is vital to exactly identify volumes of carbonate precipitated at precise intervals during the experiment. Here, we investigate the use of strontium labelling in mollusk [...]

Rates and Products of Oxidation of Ferrous Iron in Trioctahedral Smectites

Robert J Kupper, Nanqing Zhou, Clara S Chan, et al.

Published: 2022-12-16
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry

Iron(II)-bearing trioctahedral smectites (saponites) form during anoxic alteration of basaltic rock. They are predicted to have been widespread on the early Earth and are observed in the oceanic subsurface today. Smectite structures, including the occupancy of sites in the octahedral sheet, affect iron redox behavior but the rates and products of trioctahedral smectite oxidation have been largely [...]

Geosphere and Biosphere coevolution: the role of trace metals availability in the evolution of biogeochemistry

Donato Giovannelli

Published: 2022-11-21
Subjects: Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Microbiology, Planetary Sciences

Earth’s geosphere and biosphere have coevolved over time, influencing each other’s stability and keeping our planet habitable for most of its 4.543 billion years of history. Biogeochemical cycles play a key role in controlling this interaction, connecting long-term geological cycles and the much faster evolution of the Earth’s outer biologically dominated envelopes. A small set of [...]

Community recommendations for geochemical data, services and analytical capabilities in the 21st century

Marthe Klöcking, Lesley Wyborn, Kerstin Lehnert, et al.

Published: 2022-11-17
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry

The majority of geochemical and cosmochemical research is based upon observations and, in particular, upon the acquisition, processing and interpretation of analytical data from physical samples. The exponential increase in volumes and rates of data acquisition over the last century, combined with advances in instruments, analytical methods and an increasing variety of data types analysed, has [...]

Atmospheric carbon emissions from benthic trawling depend on water depth and ocean circulation

James Robert Collins, Kristin M. Kleisner, Rodney M. Fujita, et al.

Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Through its vastness, resilience and biogeochemical complexity, the ocean offers humanity some of the largest potential natural pathways for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while avoiding new sources of anthropogenic emissions. In proposing a network of new marine protected areas in service of global ocean conservation, Sala et al. describe a potentially large climate benefit of such [...]

Experimental comparisons of carbonate-associated sulfate extraction methods

Zheyu Tian, Graham Anthony Shields, Ying Zhou

Published: 2022-10-26
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS) refers to trace amounts of sulfate incorporated into carbonate minerals during precipitation. CAS has been the most commonly used approach to recover the paleo-seawater sulfate sulfur isotope composition (δ34Ssw) as carbonate rocks are more common and occur in less restricted marine environments than alternative sulfate-bearing minerals (such as gypsum and [...]

Trait-based modeling revealed higher microbial diversity leads to greater ecological resilience in response to an ecosystem disturbance

Jiaze Wang, Victoria J. Coles, Michael R. Stukel, et al.

Published: 2022-10-15
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Microbiology, Oceanography, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

To quantitatively understand the ecological resilience of an ecosystem with specialized habitats, we focused on deep-sea microbial communities and simulated the response of diverse microbes in specialized habitats to a pulse ecosystem disturbance - the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Two microbial communities with equivalent metabolic libraries were acclimated to the presence [...]

FIELD LEVEL VARIATION INFLUENCED OUTCOMES MORE THAN N-FERTILISER, FYM, COVER CROPS OR THEIR LEGACY EFFECTS FOLLOWING CONVERSION TO A NO-TILL ARABLE SYSTEM

Ana I.M. Natalio, Matthew A. Back, Andrew Richards, et al.

Published: 2022-10-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science

Crop establishment in no-till arable systems benefits from favourable soil conditions. Combined with the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM) dynamics, crop productivity and nutrient cycling. These processes are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial processes. There is a lack of diachronic [...]

Macrophyte-hydrodynamic interactions mediate stratification and dissolved oxygen dynamics in ponds

Ellen Amara Albright, Robert Ladwig, Grace Marie Wilkinson

Published: 2022-09-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

Small waterbodies are sensitive to stressors such as eutrophication and heatwaves; however, interactions between macrophytes and hydrodynamics may mediate the effects of compounding stressors. Leveraging an ecosystem experiment and hydrodynamic model, we evaluated how macrophyte biomass, thermal structure, and dissolved oxygen (DO) responded to the interaction of episodic nutrient loading and [...]

Much of Zero Emissions Commitment Occurs Before Reaching Net Zero Emissions

Charles D. Koven, Benjamin Sanderson, Abigail L. S. Swann

Published: 2022-08-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

We explore the response of the Earth’s climate and carbon system to an idealized sequential addition and removal of CO2 to the atmosphere, following a symmetric and continuous emissions pathway, in contrast to the discontinuous emissions pathways that have largely informed our understanding of the climate response to net-zero and net-negative emissions to date. We find, using both an Earth [...]

Improved estimation of phytoplankton abundance and fine-scale water quality features via simultaneous discrete and semi-continuous surveys

Jemma Stachelek, Christopher Madden, Stephen P Kelly, et al.

Published: 2022-08-06
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Fresh Water Studies, Oceanography, Water Resource Management

The abundance and distribution of phytoplankton is driven by light and nutrient availability which in turn is controlled by larger-scale regional processes such as climatic variability and global teleconnections. However, such estimates are largely built on evidence gathered from coarse (on the order of kilometers), discrete grab sampling networks where the overall set of measured parameters is [...]

MacroSheds: a synthesis of long-term biogeochemical, hydroclimatic, and geospatial data from small watershed ecosystem studies

Michael Vlah, Spencer Rhea, Emily Bernhardt, et al.

Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, Water Resource Management

The U.S. Federal Government supports hundreds of watershed ecosystem monitoring efforts from which solute fluxes can be calculated. While details of instrumentation and sampling methods vary across these studies, the types of data collected and the questions that motivate their analysis are remarkably similar. Nevertheless, little effort toward the compilation of these datasets has previously [...]

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