Preprints
There are 6196 Preprints listed.
Robustness of the evaluation of indirect costs of natural disasters: example of the ARIO model
Published: 2023-10-30
Subjects: Risk Analysis
Given the interconnectedness of economies and the prevalence of just-in-time production processes, even small interruptions to production caused by natural disasters can lead to great indirect economic impacts. A substantial body of literature on this subject exists, notably with the help of input-output analysis, CGE and agent-based models. However, such models rely on parameters and data which [...]
New insights into the Upper Pleistocene directed blast eruption, Popocatépetl volcano, México
Published: 2023-10-30
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
Volcanic eruptions of the directed blast type are characterized by powerful explosions with a significant lateral pyroclastic density current (PDC) component that can travel at speeds above 100 m s–1 and affect hundreds of square kilometers around a volcano. This study presents preliminary results of a detailed fieldwork and stratigraphic study of deposits associated with the Ocoxaltepec Blast [...]
A Portable low-cost Device to Quantify Advective Gas Fluxes from Mofettes into the Lower Atmosphere: First Application to Starzach Mofettes (Germany)
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this study, we introduce a portable low-cost device for in situ gas emission measurement from focused point sources of CO2, such as mofettes. We assess the individual sensors' precision with calibration experiments and perform an independent verification of the system's ability to measure gas flow rates in the range of liters per second. The results from one week of continuous CO2 flow [...]
Australia’s Tinderbox Drought: an extreme natural event likely worsened by human-caused climate change
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We examine the characteristics and causes of southeast Australia’s Tinderbox Drought (2017–2019) that preceded the Black Summer fire disaster. The Tinderbox Drought was characterised by cool season rainfall deficits of around –50% in three consecutive years, which was exceptionally unlikely in the context of natural variability alone. The precipitation deficits were initiated and sustained by an [...]
Fantastic Wetlands and Why to Monitor Them: Demonstrating the Social and Financial Benefit Potential of Methane Abatement through Salt Marsh Restoration
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Salt marsh restoration has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions thereby providing an opportunity for blue carbon crediting, but implementation has been limited to date because of insufficient data and validation. Freshening salt marshes are sources of methane emissions, which present an opportunity for states to address this source of potent greenhouse gas emissions if restored to [...]
Impact of moderating role of green cultures over green environmental effects.
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The study examined the impact of green practices of human resources, empowered interaction capability and green innovation behavior over green environmental effects by moderating effects of green cultures. The research took chemical industry as population, and obtained 220 respondents working in chemical industry of Karachi city as sample. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and PLS4.0 was [...]
Pacific shoreline erosion and accretion patterns controlled by El Niño/Southern Oscillation
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In the Pacific Basin, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual climate variability, driving substantial changes in oceanographic forcing and impacting Pacific coastlines. Yet, how sandy coasts respond to these basin-scale changes has to date been limited to a few long-term beach monitoring sites, predominantly on developed coasts. Here we use 38 years of Landsat [...]
Testing the applicability of standardised growth curves for chemically heterogeneous single-grain feldspars from the Atacama Desert, Chile
Published: 2023-10-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The Atacama Desert is generally considered the driest non-polar desert on Earth and is therefore an ideal study area for exploring the water and biota free endmember of Earth’s Critical Zone (ECZ). Single grain (SG) luminescence dating has successfully identified processes in the ECZ. However, SG luminescence dating of Atacama Desert feldspars is challenging and time consuming since only a small [...]
High methane emissions from a eutrophic marine coastal basin driven by bubble release from the sediment
Published: 2023-10-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The production of methane in coastal sediments and its release to the water column is intensified by anthropogenic eutrophication and bottom water hypoxia, and it is yet uncertain whether methane emissions to the atmosphere will be enhanced. Here, we assess seasonal variations in methane dynamics in a eutrophic, seasonally euxinic coastal marine basin (Scharendijke, Lake Grevelingen). In-situ [...]
Last millennium climate variability in the Romanian Carpathians: a synthesis
Published: 2023-10-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
The Carpathian Mountains span Central and Eastern Europe and provide vital ecosystem functions and services. For this reason, the conservation status of the Carpathians is critical due to environmental pressures such as deforestation and the impacts of climate change, which has significantly affected the region's ecosystem dynamics and communities through increased frequency of floods and [...]
A Novel Approach for Predicting Large Wildfires Using Machine Learning Towards Environmental Justice via Environmental Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Reanalysis Data across the United States
Published: 2023-10-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Large wildfires (>125 hectares) in the United States account for over 95% of the burned area each year. Predicting large wildfires is imperative, however, current wildfire predictive models are region-based and computationally intensive. Using a scalable model based on easily available environmental and atmospheric data, this research aims to accurately predict across the United States whether [...]
Impacts of the African Humid Period termination may have been delayed in the Atlantic Sahara
Published: 2023-10-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
The paleoenvironmental changes recorded at the Khnifiss Lagoon, on the Saharan Atlantic coast, southern Morocco, during the last 3.5 kyrs BP puts another piece to the puzzle on the intricate relationship between North Atlantic climate patterns and climate variations in Northwest Africa. This study shed light on the hydroclimatic dynamics during a pivotal climatic period: the transition from the [...]
Exploring Foundation Models for Seismic Event Processing
Published: 2023-10-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Nonproliferation monitoring efforts benefit from a glut of multi-modal data that related research must develop methods to process efficiently. Many of the highest performing methods for predictive modeling rely on a legacy of data curation and labeling that is available from decades of seismic catalog building but may not scale well for future uses. This work explores tools for predictive [...]
Pygoda: a graphical interface to efficiently visualise and explore large sets of geolocated time series
Published: 2023-10-24
Subjects: Categorical Data Analysis, Climate, Computer Sciences, Databases and Information Systems, Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Fresh Water Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces, Hydrology, Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series, Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Statistics and Probability, Spatial Science
Modern-day data sets in geosciences may comprise hundreds or thousands of geolocated time series. Despite all the automated tools and new algorithms now available to process and prepare those data before using them in research projects, it can be useful or even necessary to visualise and investigate them manually. Whether it be for data quality assessment, for the preparation of a training data [...]
Can land-use and land-cover change explain reduced resilience in forests?
Published: 2023-10-24
Subjects: Forest Sciences
Generating signals of reduced resilience in ecosystems is crucial for conservation and management endeavors. However, the practical implications of such systems are still limited due to the lack of high-frequency data and uncertainties associated with predicting complex systems such as ecosystems. This study aims to investigate the potential of time series analysis of remote sensing data in [...]